tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-42169663577690423712024-03-26T23:37:33.513-07:00My LiFe is mY adVenTurepengalaman hidup, spritual, cinta, dan persahabatan.yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.comBlogger31125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-13478178988538652652012-04-03T23:48:00.002-07:002012-04-03T23:53:47.661-07:00Pengertian Uang, Kriteria Uang, Fungsi Uang<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:donotpromoteqf/> <w:lidthemeother>IN</w:LidThemeOther> <w:lidthemeasian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:lidthemecomplexscript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> 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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Pengertian Uang</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Uang adalah sesuatu yang secara umum diterima untuk pembayaran pembelian barang-barang dan jasa-jasa serta untuk pembayaran hutang-hutang. Uang sering dipandang sebagai bentuk kekayaan yang dapat dipergunakan untuk membayar sejumlah tertentu hutang dengan kepastian dan tanpa penundaan. Dari definisi ini, kita dapat mengamati bahwa uang memiliki tiga fungsi, yaitu: (1) alat pembayaran (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">mean of exchange</i>), (2) alat penimbun kekayaan (<span style="font-style: italic;">store of value</span>), dan alat pencicilan hutang (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">deferent payment</i>).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Definisi di atas belum menunjuk pada aspek benda yang disebut dengan uang. Ada beberapa aspek yang menjadi pertimbangan untuk menentukan apakah sesuatu layak dinamakan sebagai uang.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Kriteria Uang</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Agar “sesuatu” tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai uang ada beberapa kriteria umum yang antara lain adalah :</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height:150%; mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Acceptability</span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Cognizability</i></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Persyaratan utama dari sesuatu menjadi uang adalah diterima secara umum (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">acceptability</i>) dan diketahui secara umum (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">cognizability</i>). Apabila sesuatu dapat diterima dan diketahui secara luas kegunaannya sebagai alat tukar, penimbun kekayaan, dan standar cicilan hutang maka sesuatu itu memenuhi syarat pertama sebagai uang.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Stability of Value</span></i></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Sesuatu yang dapat berperan sebagai uang akan besar manfaatnya apabila nilainya relatif stabil. Hal ini mengingat bahwa salah satu fungsi dari uang adalah sebagai alat penimbun kekayaan. Orang akan lebih senang menyimpan kekayaan dalam bentuk sesuatu yang relatif stabil nilainya. Dengan memilih sesuatu tersebut akan menjamin bahwa daya belinya tidak akan berkurang terlalu banyak apabila ia menunda untuk membelanjakan kekayaannya.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Portability</span></i></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Sesuatu yang berperan sebagai uang harus mudah dibawa untuk urusan setiap hari. Bahkan transaksi dalam jumlah besar dapat dilakukan dengan uang dalam jumlah (fisik) yang kecil jika nilai nominalnya besar. Kemudahan untuk dibawa-bawa memudahkan penggunaan uang untuk transaksi.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Durability</span></i></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Dalam transaksi, uang akan berpindah dari satu tangan ke tangan yang lain. Dengan adanya pemindahaan ini mengharuskan uang tersebut tetap utuh dan terjaga nilainya secara fisik. Kalau tidak, rusak atau pun robek akan menyebabkan penurunan nilainya dan merusakkan kegunaan moneter dari uang tersebut. Ini berarti uang harus merupakan sesuatu yang tidak mudah rusak yang menyebabkan penurunan nilai.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">5.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Divisibility</span></i></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Uang digunakan untuk menetapkan transaksi dari berbagai jumlah, sehingga uang dari berbagai nominal (satuan/unit) harus dicetak untuk mencukupi/melancarkan transaksi jual-beli. Untuk itu harus tersedia uang dalam berbagai nilai. Untuk menjamin dapat ditukarkannya uang satu dengan yang lainnya, semua jenis uang harus dijaga agar tetap nilainya. Dengan demikian orang akan mudah melakukan transaksi, baik yang kecilnya nilainya maupun yang besar.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">6.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Elasticity of supply</span></i></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Jumlah uang yang beredar harus mencukupi kebutuhan dunia usaha (perekonomian). Ketidakmampuan penyedian uang untuk mengimbangi kegiatan usaha akan mengakibatkan perdagangan macet dan pertukaran dilakukannya seperti pada perekonomian barter, yaitu barang ditukar dengan barang yang lain secara langsung. Mungkin bisa terjadi nilai uang menjadi semakin mahal menyimpang dari nilai nominalnya karena uang menjadi langka.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Ciri keenam dari uang ini merupakan salah satu tugas pokok Bank Sentral. Bank Sentral sebagai satu-satunya pencetak uang harus mampu melihat perkembangan perekonomian yang selanjutnya harus mampu menyediakan uang yang cukup bagi perkembangan perekonomian tersebut. Sebaliknya Bank Sentral harus bertindak dengan cepat seandainya dirasa uang yang beredar terlalu banyak dibandingkan dengan kegiatan perekonomian, dalam hal ini Bank Sentral harus mengurangi jumlah uang yang beredar. Kemampuan Bank Sentral dan lembaga-lembaga keuangan yang lain dalam hal penyedian uang yang harus dijamin tetap baik (bersifat elastis).</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Fungsi Uang</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Dari berbagai persyaratan uang dan diagram arus melingkar di atas, fungsi uang dapat diperluas sesuai dengan realita perkembangan perekonomian. Berbagai fungsi uang yang dikenal adalah :</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Satuan Hitung</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Salah satu fungsi uang yang umum adalah sebagai satuan hitung “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Unit of Account</i>”. Satuan hitung dalam hal ini dimaksudkan sebagai alat yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan nilai dari barang-barang dan jasa yang dijual (dibeli), besarnya kekayaan serta menghitung besar-kecilnya kredit atau hutang. Ringkasnya uang dapat dikatakan sebagai alat yang digunakan dalam menentukan harga barang dan jasa. Seandainya tidak ada uang, maka akan terjadi ketidakseragaman di dalam satuan hitung. Jika seseorang memiliki mobil dan ia mengingikan membeli rumah, maka ia harus menilai atau mengkonversi mobilnya dalam suatu nilai tertentu dan kemudian mencari orang yang mau menerima mobilnya sebagai penukar rumah. Agar transaksi dapat dilakukan dengan saling memuaskan maka rumah perlu dikonversi dalam nilai mobil. Misalnya disimpulkan transaksi dapat terjadi dengan 3 mobil meperoleh 1 rumah. Dengan bantuan uang, pertukaran tersebut dapat dengan mudah dilakukan. Dalam hal ini mobil dan rumah dinilai dalam uang dan kemudian pertukaran dapat berlangsung pada nilai uang yang disepakati. Dengan adanya uang yang bertindak sebagai satuan hitung maka dengan mudah ditentukan nilai tukarnya.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Penggunaan uang, misalnya Rupiah, sebagai satuan hitung dalam transaksi di atas berbeda dengan penggunaan uang tersebut dalam aliran atau transfer uang rupiah. Setiap lembar atau keping rupiah mempunyai nilai fisik. Fungsi uang yang hanya sebagai satuan hitung disebut sabagai ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Numeraire</i>” dalam bahsa Perancis, yang berarti sesuatu yang dipilih sebagai standar ukuran. Sebagai satuan hitung, uang tidak lain berfungsi seperti satuan ukuran yang lain, meter, gram, liter, dan lain-lain. Meskipun demikian, jarang sekali kita menjumpai uang yang hanya berperan sebagai alat ukur saja.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Alat Penukar</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Seperti dijelaskan di atas bahwa fungsi uang sebagai satuan hitung berbeda dengan fungsi uang sebagai alat penukar. Fungsi uang sebagai alat penukar akan mempermudah transaksi, dan ini terutama terjadi dalam masyarakat yang memakai sistem barter. Dalam perekonomian yang belum maju, dimana perdagangan dilakukan dengan cara langsung menukarkan barang dengan barang (barter), tukar menukar sulit dilakukan. Sistem barter memerlukan persyaratan adanya keinginan dari dua pihakyang cocok (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">double coincidence of wants</i>). Selama tukar-menukar masih terbatas hanya pada beberapa jenis barang saja, cara ini bisa berjalan. Tetapi dalam masyarakat yang lebih maju, yang sudah mengenal spesialisasi, akan sulit sekali menemukan pihak lain yang kebetulan sekaligus, yaitu :</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">-<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Membutuhkan apa yang dapat kita tawarkan</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">-<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Mempunyai barang yang kita butuhkan</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">-<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nilai barang yang kira-kira sama atau dapat dibandingkan, dan</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">-<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Bersedia menukarkannya.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Selain itu, dengan adanya uang sebagai alat penukar maka masyarakat dapat melakukan spesialisasi dalam produksi. Dengan adanya uang, orang tidak harus menukar barang yang diinginkan dengan barang yang diproduksikannya secara langsung tetapi bisa menjual produksinya dipasar dan dengan uang yang diperoleh dari hasil penjualan tersebut dibelanjakan (dibelikan) barang-barang yang diinginkannya. Fungsi ini sangat berguna dalam perekonomian yang sudah maju. </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:18.0pt;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Penimbun Kekayaan</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Keynes dalam bukunya yang berjudul <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">“The General of Emplyoment, Interest and Money”</i>, terbit tahun 1936, mengatakan bahwa: di samping fungsi uang sebagai satuan hitung dan sebagai alat penukar, maka uang juga berfungsi sebagai penimbun kekayaan. Dengan menambahkan fungsi uang yang ketiga ini, akan mempengaruhi motivasi memegang kas oleh seseorang atau pun masyarakat.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Seperti kita ketahui bahwa uang bernilai karena berfungsi sebagai alat penukar, artinya dengan uang dapat dibeli sesuatu barang atau jasa yang diinginkan. Kalau uang itu dibelanjakan untuk saat ini maka uang mempunyai nilai untuk saat ini juga. Namun, kalau uang itu akan dibelanjakan untuk masa yang akan datang, maka uang tersebut akan mempunyai nilai juga diwaktu yang akan datang. Dengan menyimpan uangnya berarti menimbun kekayaannya dalam bentuk uang kas atau uang tersebut mungkin disimpan didalam almari, atau dibawah bantal. Penyimpanan uang ini dimaksudkan untuk mempermudah pertukaran atau transaksi saat ini ataupun dimasa yang akan datang.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Dalam hal ini, uang dipilih sebagai penimbun kekayaan karena uang dapat segera digunakan secara langsung untuk membeli barang-barang dan jasa. Uang mempunyai sifat yang “Likuid”, mudah digunakan di dalam transaksi atau dalam pembayaran cicilan hutang.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Standar Pencicilan Hutang</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Uang juga berfungsi sebagai standar untuk pencicilan hutang atau pembayaran. Begitu uang diterima umum sebagai alat penukar ataupun satuan hitung maka secara <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>langsung uang akan bertindak sebagai unit atau satuan untuk pembayaran cicilan hutang ataupun juga untuk menyatakan besarnya hutang kita.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>Dengan menggunakan uang tersebut kita dapat melakukan pembayaran hutang-piutang secara tepat dan cepat, baik secara kontan atau angsuran. Nilai fisik maupun bentuk uang tidak menjadi masalah selama uang tersebut dapat berfungsi sebagai alat penukar, satuan hitung, penimbun kekayaan ataupun sebagai standar pembayaran cicilan hutang. Kemampuan uang memenuhi fungsi-fungsi tersebut tergantung pada masyarakatnya, mereka mau menerima uang itu untuk memenuhi tujuan dalam perekonomian atau tidak.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Sumber : Seri Diktat Kuliah Univ. Gunadarma</span></p>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com434tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-37077248880418537162011-05-13T12:22:00.000-07:002011-05-13T12:23:42.187-07:00Translate<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Bagi orang-orang Amerika, Pony Express merupakan sebuah peralatan di barat dahulu kala. Kebanyakan orang Amerika agak terkejut setelah mengetahui bahwa kenyataannya Pony Express hanya ada untuk periode waktu yang pendek, sekitar satu setengah tahun. Pelayanan surat yang “cepat dan terdepan beroperasi diantara St Joseph, Missouri dan Sacramento, California, yang berjarak dibawah 2000 mil; surat-surat dan paket-paket kecil dapat dikirimkan di bawah 10 hari berlaku pada 3 sampai 4 minggu bagi yang memiliki pengaruh lebih dahulu kepada lembaga Pony Express.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Pada tahun 1860, St.Joseph merupakan terminal paling barat dari sistem kereta api negara. Pos dipercayai untuk pesisir barat dapat sampai ke St.Joe melalui kereta api, tetapi untuk mencapainya hanya jalur barat yang berada dalam punggung kuda. Pelayanan Pony Express didirikan pada 3 April 1860, untuk mengisi keperluan ini : pengantar surat dalam punggung kuda hanya dengan minimal dibawah waktu untuk pergantian kuda dan penunggan dapat melewati 200 mil dalam sekali 24 jam periode.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Sistem Pony Express terdiri dari sekitar 80 penunggang, 400 kuda, dan 190 stasiun setiap 10 sampai 15 mil di sepanjang rute. Satu penunggang mengambil satu kantong surat dan membawanya untuk 75 mil, menggantikan kudanya yang kelelahan untuk sesekali penyegaran di setiap stasiun, ia lalu memberikan kantong kepada penunggang lainnya. Si penunggang berjalan siang dan malam, dan surat tidak pernah berhenti.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Pada 24 Oktober 1861 hanya satu setengah tahun setelah Pony Express dimulai, telegraf antar benua pertama dibuka untuk bisnis, ditutup untuk keperluan Pony Express. Pony Express resmi ditutup untuk bisnis pada 26 Oktober 1861; dengan jelas pemiliknya sangat cepat untuk mengakui bahwa keperluan akan pelayanan mereka telah dihapus.<br /> <br /> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Ini adalah praktek yang umum untuk melapisi logam seperti besi dan baja dengan lapisan pelindung dari seng atau paduan terbuat dari seng dicampur dengan aluminium, kadmium,timah atau proses yang dikenal sebagai "galvanisasi". Tujuan dari galvanisasi adalah untuk mencegah korosi dari besi atau baja.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Metode yang paling umum untuk menggembleng logam adalah dip-panas proses galvanizing. Dalam proses ini, besi atau baja dicelupkan ke dalam bak mandi panas paduan seng untuk membentuk lapisan pelindung sekitar 0,003 inci tebal. Metode lainnya untuk melapisi seng yang tidak biasa adalah proses yang dikenal sebagai lapisan seng elektro, dalam proses ini logam ditempatkan dalam larutan yang terdiri dari seng sulfat dan air dan kemudian diidsi secara elektrik. Hal ini menyebabkan lapisan tipis dari seng untuk melapisi logam.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Seng efektif dalam logam lapisan seng seperti besi atau baja dimana seng yang bereaksi lebih mudah dengan oksigen daripada besi. Jika besi tidak dilindungi, besi bereaksi dengan oksigen di udara untuk membentuk oksida besi, atau karat, yang menyebabkan korosi besi. Namun jika, besi sudah dilapisi dengan seng, karena sedang dalam proses galvanisasi, maka itu adalah seng dimana berinteraksi dengan oksigen untuk membentuk oksida seng, dan besi tidak terkena kerusakan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Mardi gras, yang berarti "Selasa lemak" di Perancis, telah diperkenalkan ke Amerika oleh penjajah Perancis pada awal abad kedelapan belas. Sejak saat itu telah semakin populer, terutama di New Orleans, dan hari ini adalah hari libur resmi di beberapa Negara bagian selatan. Perayaan Mardi Gras di New Orleans sebenarnya dimulai jauh sebelum hari Mardi Gras. Parade, pesta, bola, dan beberapa festival berlangsung sepanjang minggu sebelum hari Mardi Gras. Wisatawan dari berbagai negara di seluruh dunia berkumpul ke New Orleans untuk merayakan, dimana mereka mengambil bagian dalam kegiatan nonstop seminggu sebelum kembali ke rumah untuk istirahat yang sangat diperlukan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Ruang music diterima namanya karena keasliannya dimaksudkan untuk tampil di dalam ruang kecil dalam rumah-rumah pribadi daripada gedung konser besar atau biosko. Hari ini telah dikembangkan menjadi penyetelan musik kecil di mana setiap pelaku dalam penyetelan memainkan bagian tersendiri.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Komposisi yang ditulis untuk jenis pertunjukkan ini dapat dengan mudahnya digolongkan menjadi tiga periode yang berbeda, masing-masing dengan gaya musik dan instrumentalnya. Pada awal periode (1450-1650), biola dan keluarga instrumental lainnya dikembangkan secara dipertimbangkan, dan music instrumental mengambil langkah pertama menuju kedudukan yang sama dengan music vokal. Pada periode kedua (1650-1750), tiga sonata mendominasi. Komposisi penyetelan ini telah sering ditulis untuk dua biola dan satu cello; Piano kuno juga ditampilkan dalam berbagai komposisi di periode ini. Dalam periode modern (setelah 1750), pendominasian ruang musik telah ditulis untuk seperempat senar, sebuah penyetelan yang terdiri dari 2 biola, 1 viola, dan 1 cello.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Bulan purnama yang terjadi paling dekat dengan waktu siang dan malam dari matahari telah dikenal sebagai bulan panen. Itu adalah sebuah bulan yang terang yang memungkinkan para petani untuk bekerja hingga larut malam dalam beberapa malam. Mereka dapat bekerja ketika bulan paling terang untuk membawa hasil panen pada musim gugur. Bulan panen tentu saja terjadi pada waktu yang berbeda dalam setahun di bagian utara dan selatan Hemispheres. Di bagian utara Hemisphere, bulan panen terjadi pada pada September pada saat siang dan malam dari musim gugur. Di bagian selatan Hemisphere, bulan panen terjadi pada Maret pada saat siang dan malam dari musim semi.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-36381317538919061932011-05-13T12:16:00.000-07:002011-05-13T12:19:02.805-07:00ANSWER OF EXERCISE PAGE 192 – 202<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 14 : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">Each of the following sentences contains words or groups of word that should<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">be paralel. Circle the word that indicates that the sentences should have parallel parts. Underline<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">the parts that should be parallel. Then indicate if the sentences are Correct ( C ) or Incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. The pastries in that shop are <u>very expensive</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">but</span> <u>quite deliciously</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. You can find some change to buy a paper <u>in the drawer</u>, <u>on top of the dresser</u>, <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">or</span> <u>in the jar</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. The living room was decorated with <u>expensive painting</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">and</span> <u>elegance lamps</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. He knew <u>that the financial problems were serious</u>, <u>that the situation w</u></span><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">a</span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">s not going to</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">improve</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">, <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">and</span> <u>that he needed to get a job</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. All day long during the trip to the mountains, <u>they were skiing</u>, <u>sledding</u>, <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">or</span> <u>played in the</u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">snow</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. The car <u>needs new tires</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">but</span> <u>not a new enginee</u>.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. He stops working <u>when he gets too tired to continue</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">or</span> <u>when he has finished</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">8. To get to the office, <u>you should go trough this door</u>, <u>turn to the left</u>, <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">and</span> <u>continuation down the hall</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. For dessert we could</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">serve <u>lemon pie</u>, <u>fruit tarts</u>, <u>chocolate cake</u>, <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">or</span> <u>butter cookies</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:-23.6pt;margin-bottom: 10.0pt;margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height:150%;tab-stops: 28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">10. The sick child needs <u>some medicine</u>, <u>some juice</u>, <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">and</span> <u>to rest</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:-23.6pt;margin-bottom: 10.0pt;margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height:150%;tab-stops: 28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 15 : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">Each of the following sentences contains words or groups of word that should<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">be paralel. Circle the word that indicates that the sentences should have parallel parts. Underline<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">the parts that should be parallel. Then indicate if the sentences are Correct ( C ) or Incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. He <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">either</span> <u>lied</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">or</span> <u>telling</u> an unbelievable story.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. The music at the concert was <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">neither</span> <u>well played</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">nor</span> <u>well liked</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. He regularly studies <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">both</span> <u>in the morning</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">or</span> <u>in the evening</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. The play that we saw last night was <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">not only</span> <u>rather delightful</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">but</span> <u>also quite meaningful</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. He married her <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">neither</span> <u>for her ability to cook</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">nor</span> <u>her ability to clean house</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. The discussion was <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">both</span> <u>exciting and interest</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. He withdrew all the money <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">not only</span> <u>from the cheking account</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">but</span> <u>also from the savings account</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">8. <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">Neither</span> <u>the teacher</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">or</span> <u>the students</u> are ready to leave the classroom.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. You can meet with me <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">either</span> <u>in the next few minutes</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">or</span> <u>at 4:00</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:-9.4pt;margin-bottom: 10.0pt;margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height:150%;tab-stops: 28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">10. John is an adventurous person who enjoys <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">not only</span> <u>sky</u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">diving</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">but</span> <u>also goes parasailing</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:-9.4pt;margin-bottom: 10.0pt;margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height:150%;tab-stops: 28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE (Skills 14 – 15) : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Each of the following sentences contains words or groups of<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">word that should be paralel. Circle the word that indicates that the sentences should have parallel<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">parts. Underline the parts that should be parallel. Then indicate if the sentences are Correct ( C )<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">or Incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. The advertisements appeared <u>in the newspaper</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">and</span> <u>on the radio</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. She is trained as <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">both</span> <u>an accountant</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">and</span> <u>in nursing</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. We can take <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">either</span> <u>my car</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">or</span> <u>yours</u> to the party.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. The coffee is <u>too hot</u>, <u>too bitter</u>, <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">and</span> <u>too strength</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. He <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">not only</span> <u>passed the test</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">but also</span> <u>receiving the highest score</u> in the class.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. Your ideas are <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">neither</span> <u>more important</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">or</span> <u>less important</u> than the ideas of the others.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. The meeting lasted <u>only an hour</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">but</span> <u>still seeming</u> too long.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">8. The novel was <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">both</span> <u>emotional</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">and</span> <u>description</u>.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">Either</span> <u>the counselor</u> <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in">or</span> <u>her secretary</u> can help you with that problem.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">10.The leaves from the tree fell <u>in the yard</u>, <u>in the pool</u>, <u>the driveway</u>, <span style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in">and</span> <u>on the sidewalk</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS 14 – 15) : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">words that is not correct.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. Ballpoint pens are less versatile but more population than foumtain pens.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 2. Riddles vary greatly in both grammatical and phonology form.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 3. Blood preassure is measured by feeling the pulse and apply a force to the arm.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 4. The moon has no atmosphere, no air, and no watery.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 5. The firs matches were too hard to ignite, a mess, or too dangerously easy to ignite.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 6. A 1971 U.S. government policy not only put warnings on cigarette packs but also banning</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">television advertising of cigarettes.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 7. Demand, beauty, durability, rare, and perfection of cutting determine the value of gemstone.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 8. The Harvard Yard, which was Harvard’s original campus, is still a major attraction for boyh students and visiting.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. In 1862, the American Confederacy raised the Merrimack, renamed it Virginia, covered it whit iron plates, and an outfit it with ten guns.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 10. The liquid crystals in a liquid crystal display (LCD) affect the polarized light so that it is either blocked and reflected by the segments of the display.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">T</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">oefl </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">R</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">eview</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> E</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">xercise</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> (Skills 1 – 15) : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Choose the letter of the word or group of words that <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">best completes the sentence.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. Most cells in multicelled organisms perform <u>specialization</u> fuctions.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. The big island of Hawaii, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, <u>was created</u> by five</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">volcanoes.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. The sun uses up over four million tons of hydrogen per second <u>but it</u> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">s</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">till has enough hydrogen to last for the next billion years.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. For Katherine L. Bates, who <u>reached</u> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">t</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">he top of Pikes Peak in 1893. the view provided the inspiration for her hymn “America the Beautiful.”</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. Coal, petroleum, and natural gascous are all fossil fuels.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. The mass of neutron stars generally range from one-tenth to twice the mass of</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">the sun.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 7. Grasses grow in ways that help them to survive being nibbled, chilly, or dried.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 8. Most of Hemingway’s novels glorifies heroic exploits such as bullfighting or boxing.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 9. Paleographers study ancient and medieval handwriting in order to establish</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">not only its age and also its background</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 10.The sounds produced by bullfrogs and toads vary greatly because each species have its own particular call</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 16 : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">have</i>. Underline<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. We <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> already <u style="text-underline:double">hearing</u> the good news.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. She <u style="text-underline:double">has ridden</u> her bicycle to school every day.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. I <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> always <u style="text-underline:double">believe</u> you.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. He <u style="text-underline:double">has find</u> the missing car keys.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. They <u style="text-underline:double">have put</u> their money in a savings account.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. Their parents <u style="text-underline:double">have allowed</u> them to stay up late.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. She <u style="text-underline:double">has</u> never <u style="text-underline:double">ran</u> away from home before.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">8. <u style="text-underline: double">Have</u> you ever <u style="text-underline:double">saw</u> a ghost?</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. They <u style="text-underline:double">have taken</u> three tests already this week.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">10. He <u style="text-underline:double">has offer</u> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">me a high-paying job.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 17 : : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">be</i>. Underline<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>1. She <u style="text-underline:double">was study</u> the textbooks all night long.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. The pie <u style="text-underline:double">was cut</u> into six equal pieces.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. Today the teacher <u style="text-underline:double">is allow</u> the students to leave class a few minutes early.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. The class <u style="text-underline:double">is teach</u> every other semester.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. Tom <u style="text-underline:double">is bringing</u> some drinks to the party.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. The sick child <u style="text-underline:double">was taken</u> to see a doctor.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. The children <u style="text-underline:double">are swim</u> in the backyard pool.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">8. The diamond jewelry <u style="text-underline:double">is always</u> keep in a safe place.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. The teacher <u style="text-underline:double">is preparing</u> a difficult exam for the students.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">10. Dinner <u style="text-underline:double">is served</u> from 6:00 to 8:00.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 18 : : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed with a modal.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">Underline the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. You <u style="text-underline:double">should try</u> to respond politely.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. Everyone <u style="text-underline:double">must leaves</u> the room immediately.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. I <u style="text-underline:double">could sat</u> on the beach for hours.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. She <u style="text-underline:double">will asking</u> you many difficult questions.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. You <u style="text-underline:double">can look</u> at the book, but you cannot borrow it.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. He <u style="text-underline:double">may lies</u> to you because he is not very truthful.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. He knew that he <u style="text-underline:double">would forgot</u> the phone number.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">8. The wetherman said that it <u style="text-underline:double">might s</u></span><u style="text-underline:double"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">n</span></u><u style="text-underline:double"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">owing</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> tonight.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. Perhaps we <u style="text-underline:double">could bought</u> a new car this year.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;tab-stops:0in"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">10. This course <u style="text-underline:double">will satisfy</u> the graduation requirement.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;tab-stops:0in"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE (Skills 16 – 18) :</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">: </b>Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed with<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">several parts. Underline the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">incorrect ( I ).<br /><u>I </u></span><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. We <u style="text-underline:double">have became</u> good friends in the last year.<br /><u>C</u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. Your name <u style="text-underline:double">will be</u> list in the new directory.<br /><u>C</u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. The new movie <u style="text-underline:double">is receive</u> good reviews.<br /><u>C</u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. She <u style="text-underline:double">must have</u> feel sorry about her bad behavior.<br /><u>I </u></span><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. They <u style="text-underline:double">have always</u> given their family many presents.<br /><u>C</u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. We <u style="text-underline:double">may be</u> taking a vacation next week.<br /><u>C </u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. We <u style="text-underline:double">could have</u> taking a vacation last week.<br /><u>C </u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">8. The package <u style="text-underline:double">might had</u> been deliver by an express mail service.<br /><u>I </u></span><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. I <u style="text-underline: double">have not</u> wrote very many letters to my friends.<br /><u>C </u>10. The car <u style="text-underline:double">should not have</u> be drive anymore yesterday.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:14.2pt;text-indent:-14.2pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:14.2pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 16 – 18) : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">words that is not correct.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. By the 1920s, many radio transmitters had been build.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 2. Fish farming has rose in the United States in recent years.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 3. In areas of volcanic activity, beach sand may contains dark minerals and little quartz.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 4. Cro-Magnon man was names after the caves in southwest France where the first remains were discovered.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. Lassie, the famous collie who made her first screen appearance in 1943, has always be played by a male dog.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. A blue bigwig lizard stakes out a territory and will defending females within it against courting males.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 7. President George Washington was inaugurates on the steps of the Federal Building in New York City.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 8. By 1627, Plymouth had became a viable and growing community of fifty families, twenty-two goats, fifteen cows, and more than fifty pigs.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. Tobacco was the crop on which the eminence of Williamburg and the prosperity of Virginia were base.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 10.Because there may be scores of genes in each suspect DNA region, scientists must identifying and sequence the actual genes contributing to type I diabetes.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skill 1 – 18) : </span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Choose the letter of the word or group of words<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:28.35pt;text-indent:-28.35pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:28.35pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">that best completes the sentence. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. <u>The Pacific Ocean has</u> the deepest valleys and canyons on the Earth.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. In the United States, the participation of females in the labor force <u>jumped</u> from 37 percent in</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">1965 to 51 percent in 1980.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. Some composers, such as Richard Wagner, have felt that <u>interrupt arias</u> the action of the opera too much and have written operas without them.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 4. Water stored behind a dam can used to drive turbines.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 5. Our universe may continue to expand as it gets colder,empty, and deader.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. Every form of matter in the world are made up of atoms.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. The lens and cornea are supply with nutrients and oxygen by the aqueous fluid.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 8. Dodge City, laid out in 1872, owed both its prosperity and its famous to the buffalo in its </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">early years.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A </span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. The amount of the two kinds of cholesterol in the blood have been shown to have an effect on the risk of heart attack.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.3pt;text-indent:-21.3pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:21.3pt"><u><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A</span></u><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> 10. By the time Noah Webster reached his mid-twenties, he had already publish an elementary speller.<o:p></o:p></span></p>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-71633745098871971202011-04-08T03:56:00.000-07:002011-04-08T04:19:46.712-07:00answer of exercise page 186-202<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 11</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> : Each of the following sentences has one or more prepositional phrases between<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>the subject and verb. Put parentheses around the prepositional phrases. Underline the subjects once and the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>1. The <u>subject</u> (of the lectures) <u style="text-underline:double">was</u> quite interesting.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>2. The <u>supplies</u> (for the camping trip) <u style="text-underline:double">needs</u> to be packed.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>3. The <u>chairs</u> (under the table in the dining room) <u style="text-underline: double">is</u> quite comfortable.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. The <u>players</u> (on the winning team in the competition) <u style="text-underline:double">put</u> forth a lot of effort.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. The <u>food</u> for the guests (at the party) <u style="text-underline:double">are</u> on the long tables.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. The <u>cost</u> (of the clothes) <u style="text-underline:double">was</u> higher than I had expected.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>7. The <u>rugs</u> in the front rooms (of the house) <u style="text-underline: double">are</u> going to be washed today.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. The <u>waiters and waitresses</u> (in this restaurant) always <u style="text-underline:double">serves</u> the food efficiently.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>9. The <u>lights</u> in the corner (of the room) <u style="text-underline:double">need</u> to be kept on all night.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. The <u>meeting</u> (of the members) of the council <u style="text-underline: double">begins</u> at 3:00 in the afternoon. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 12</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> : Each of the following sentences has a quantity expression as the subject. Underline the subjects once and the verbs twice. Circle the objects that the verbs agree with. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t176" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="176" adj="2700" path="m@0,qx0@0l0@2qy@0,21600l@1,21600qx21600@2l21600@0qy@1,xe"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="val #0"> <v:f eqn="sum width 0 #0"> <v:f eqn="sum height 0 #0"> <v:f eqn="prod @0 2929 10000"> <v:f eqn="sum width 0 @3"> <v:f eqn="sum height 0 @3"> <v:f eqn="val width"> <v:f eqn="val height"> <v:f eqn="prod width 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod height 1 2"> </v:formulas> <v:path gradientshapeok="t" limo="10800,10800" connecttype="custom" connectlocs="@8,0;0,@9;@8,@7;@6,@9" textboxrect="@3,@3,@4,@5"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-55;left:0px;margin-left: 131px;margin-top:3px;width:61px;height:26px"><img width="61" height="26" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image001.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1026" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-54;left:0px;margin-left: 143px;margin-top:30px;width:35px;height:26px"><img width="35" height="26" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image002.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1027" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1. <u>Half</u> of the students<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>in the class <u style="text-underline:double">arrive</u> early.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1028" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:96pt;margin-top:22.45pt;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-53;left:0px;margin-left: 127px;margin-top:29px;width:83px;height:26px"><img width="83" height="26" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image003.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1028" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>2. <u>Some</u> of the fruit<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u style="text-underline:double">are</u> rotten.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1029" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:108pt;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-52;left:0px;margin-left: 143px;margin-top:32px;width:55px;height:25px"><img width="55" height="25" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image004.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1029" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>3. <u>All</u> of the next chapter <u style="text-underline: double">contains</u> very important information.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. <u>Most</u> of the<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>people<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>in the room <u style="text-underline:double">is</u> paying attention.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1030" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:99.75pt;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:relative;z-index:-51"><span style="left:0px;position:absolute;left:132px;top:-1px;width:38px;height:20px"><img width="38" height="20" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image005.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1030" /></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>5. <u>Part</u> of the soup<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u style="text-underline:double">is</u> left on the stove.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1032" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:96pt;margin-top:24pt;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-49;left:0px;margin-left: 127px;margin-top:31px;width:51px;height:21px"><img width="51" height="21" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image006.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1032" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1031" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:relative;z-index:-50"><span style="left:0px;position:absolute;left:143px;top:-1px;width:46px;height:21px"><img width="46" height="21" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image007.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1031" /></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>6. <u>Some</u> of the movie<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u style="text-underline:double">were</u> just too violent for me.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1033" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:108pt;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-48;left:0px;margin-left: 143px;margin-top:29px;width:46px;height:26px"><img width="46" height="26" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image008.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1033" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>7. <u>All</u> of the details<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>in the report <u style="text-underline:double">needs</u> to be checked.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. <u>Most</u> of the money<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u style="text-underline:double">is</u> needed to pay the bills.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1034" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:147.75pt;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-47;left:0px;margin-left: 196px;margin-top:0px;width:35px;height:21px"><img width="35" height="21" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image009.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1034" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>9. The <u>first half</u> of the<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>class<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u style="text-underline:double">consists</u> of lecture and note-taking.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1035" type="#_x0000_t176" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:115.5pt;"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-46;left:0px;margin-left: 153px;margin-top:0px;width:67px;height:21px"><img width="67" height="21" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image010.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1035" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>10. <u>Some</u> of the<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>questions on the test <u style="text-underline:double">was</u> impossible to answer.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 13</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> : Each of the following sentences contains one of the words that are grammatically singular but havea plural meaning. Underline these words once and underline the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>1. <u>Anybody</u> <u style="text-underline:double">are</u> welcome at the party.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>2. <u>No one</u> here <u style="text-underline:double">is</u> afraid of skydiving.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>3. <u>Everyone</u> in the world <u style="text-underline:double">needs</u> love and respect.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. <u>Someone</u> <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> to clean up the house.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. <u>Each</u> plant in the garden <u style="text-underline:double">appear</u> healthy and strong.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. You should understand that <u>anything</u> <u style="text-underline:double">is</u> possible.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>7. <u>Everything</u> in the salad <u style="text-underline:double">are</u> good for you.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. <u>Nobody</u> in the class <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> completed the assignment on time.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>9. I am sure that <u>every</u> detail <u style="text-underline:double">have been</u> considered.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. <u>Everybody</u> <u style="text-underline:double">know</u> the rules, but <u>somebody</u> <u style="text-underline:double">is</u> not following them.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE (Skills 11-13)</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""> : Each of the following sentences may have a problem with subject/verb agreement. Underline the subject once and the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>1. The <u>receptionist</u> in the enteryway to the offices <u style="text-underline: double">is</u> able to answer your questions.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>2. <u>All</u> of the information in the documents <u style="text-underline:double">are</u> important.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>3. <u>Anyone</u> in one of the classes <u style="text-underline:double">has</u> to take the final exam.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. The <u>coordinator</u> community services <u style="text-underline:double">are</u> arranging the program.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. <u>Most</u> of the car <u style="text-underline:double">are</u> covered with mud.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. <u>Nothing</u> more <u style="text-underline:double">is</u> going to be completed today.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>7. The <u>drinks</u> in the pitchers on the table in the ballroom <u style="text-underline:double">is</u> for everyone.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. <u>Everybody</u> <u style="text-underline:double">were</u> told to be here at 8:00, but <u>somebody</u> <u style="text-underline:double">is</u> not here.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>9. <u>Some</u> of the meetings at the conference <u style="text-underline:double">are</u> limited to ten participants.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. The <u>sauce</u> on the vegetables in the yellow bowl taste really delicious.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 11-13)</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> : Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>1. Nobody <u>know</u> when the <u>process</u> of glass-making <u>was</u> <u>invented</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>2. Sugars <u>like</u> glucose <u>is</u> <u>made</u> <u>up of</u> carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>3. Part of the electricity <u>used</u> in the <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place> <u>today</u> <u>come</u> from hydroelectric <u>sources</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:4"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:4"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. The languages of the world <u>presents</u> a vast <u>array</u> of structural <u>similarities</u> and<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>differences</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. The rise of multinationals <u>have</u> <u>resulted</u> in a great deal of legal ambiguity because <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>multinationals <u>can</u> <u>operate</u> in so many jurisdictions.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D</span></sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. All of the east-west interstate highways in the <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place> <u>has</u> even <u>numbers</u>, while<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>north-south interstate highways <u>are</u> <u>odd-numbered</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D</sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>7. <u>When</u> a massive star in the large Magellanic Cloud <u>expoded</u> in 1987, a wave of <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>neutrinos <u>were</u> <u>detected</u> on Earth.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. Some of the agricultural <u>practices</u> <u>used</u> today <u>is</u> responsible for <u>fostering</u> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>desertification.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>9. Every open space in the <u>targeted</u> area that <u>has</u> grass and a few bushes <u>are</u> <u>occupied</u> by <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>the white-crowned sparrow.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. Krakatoa <u>is remembered</u> as the volcano that <u>put</u> so much ash into the air that sunsets <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>around the world <u>was affected</u> for two years <u>afterward</u>. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-13) </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">: Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentences.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="ListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">(D) Pictograms constitute</span></u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""> the earliest system of writing.<u><o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">At temperatures <u>(B) approaches</u> absolute zero, substances prosses minimal energy.<u><o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">The Earth’s one-year revolution around the Sun changes how <u>(A) falling sunlight </u>on one hemisphere or the other.<u><o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="ListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Though sporadic interest in regional dialects <u>(A) has existed</u> for centuries, the first large-scale systematic studies did not take place until the nineteenth century.<u><o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. <u>The</u> waters <u>of the</u> <st1:placename st="on">Chattahoochee</st1:placename> <st1:placetype st="on"><u>River</u></st1:placetype> <u>fills</u> <st1:place st="on"><st1:placetype st="on">Lake</st1:placetype> <st1:placename st="on">Lanier</st1:placename></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="ListParagraph" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify; line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. The first set of <u>false teeth</u> similar to those in use today <u>it</u> <u>was</u> <u>made</u> in <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">France</st1:country-region></st1:place> in the<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>1780s. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>7. The term “Yankee” <u>was</u> originally a nickname for people from <st1:place st="on">New England</st1:place>, but now <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>anyone from the <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place> <u>are</u> <u>referred</u> <u>to as</u> a Yankee.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. A network of small arteries, mostly <u>sandwiched</u> between the skin and the <u>underlying</u> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>muscles, <u>supply</u> <u>blood</u> to the face and scalp.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>9. <st1:place st="on"><st1:city st="on">Mesquite</st1:city></st1:place> <u>is</u> a <u>small</u> tree in the Southwest <u>who</u> can <u>withstand</u> the severest drought.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A </sup><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>B </sup><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. At the <u>end</u> of the revolution, most of the army units of the young nation <u>was</u> almost <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>entirely <u>disbanded</u>, <u>leaving</u> a total national military force of eghty men in 1784.<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px; "><sup></sup></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px; "><sup> C </sup><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>D</sup></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops:49.5pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 14 </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">: Each of the following sentences contains words or groups of words that should be parallel. Circle the word that indicates that the sentences should have parallel parts. Underline the parts that should be parallel. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1036" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:263.25pt;margin-top:2.85pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-45;margin-left:350px; margin-top:3px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image011.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1036" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1. The pastries in that shop are <u>very expensive</u> but<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>quite deliciously</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:49.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-49.5pt;line-height:150%; tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1037" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:423.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-44;left:0px;margin-left: 564px;margin-top:2px;width:22px;height:16px"><img width="22" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image012.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1037" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>2. You can find some change to buy a paper <u>in the drawer</u>, <u>on top of the dresser</u>, or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>in the jar.<o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1038" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:323.25pt;margin-top:2pt;width:21pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-43;margin-left:430px; margin-top:2px;width:30px;height:16px"><img width="30" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image013.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1038" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>3. The living room was decorated with <u>expensive painting</u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>and<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>elegance lamps</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. He knew <u>that the financial problems were serious</u>, <u>that the situation ws not going to <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1039" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:96.75pt;margin-top:3.5pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-42;margin-left:128px; margin-top:4px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image014.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1039" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>improve</u>, and <u>that he needed to get a job</u>.<u><o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.75in;line-height:150%; tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. All day long during the trip to the mountains, they were <u>skiing</u>, <u>sledding</u>, or <u>played</u> in<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>the snow.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1042" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:168pt;margin-top:2.15pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-39;margin-left:223px; margin-top:2px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image015.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1042" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>6. The car needs <u>new tires</u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>but not a <u>new enginee</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1040" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:306.75pt;margin-top:2.55pt;width:16.5pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-41;margin-left:408px; margin-top:2px;width:24px;height:16px"><img width="24" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image016.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1040" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>7. He stops working <u>when he gets too tired to continue</u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>when he has finished.</u><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.75in;line-height:150%; tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1041" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:378pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-40;left:0px;margin-left: 503px;margin-top:2px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image017.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1041" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>8. To get to the office, you <u>should go trough this door</u>, <u>turn to the left</u>, and<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>continuation down the hall</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1043" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:363.75pt;margin-top:2.45pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-38;margin-left:484px; margin-top:2px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image018.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1043" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>9. For dessert we couldbserve <u>lemon pie</u>, <u>fruit tarts</u>, <u>chocolate cake</u>, or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>butter cookies</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1044" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:294.75pt;margin-top:2.05pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-37;margin-left:392px; margin-top:2px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image014.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1044" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>10. The sick child needs <u>some medicine</u>, <u>some juice</u>, and<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>to rest</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops:49.5pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 15 </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">: Each of the following sentences contains words or groups of words that should be parallel. Circle the word that indicates that the sentences should have parallel parts. Underline the parts that should be parallel. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1046" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:127.5pt;margin-top:.7pt;width:13.5pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-35;margin-left:169px; margin-top:0px;width:20px;height:16px"><img width="20" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image019.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1046" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1045" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:69.75pt;margin-top:.7pt;width:33pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-36;margin-left:92px; margin-top:0px;width:46px;height:16px"><img width="46" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image020.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1045" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1. He<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>either<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>lied</u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>telling</u> an unbeleievable story.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1048" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:294.75pt;margin-top:2.5pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-33;margin-left:392px; margin-top:2px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image018.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1048" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1047" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:194.25pt;margin-top:2.5pt;width:37.5pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-34;margin-left:258px; margin-top:2px;width:52px;height:16px"><img width="52" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image021.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1047" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>2. The music at the concert was<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>neither <u>well played </u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>nor<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>well liked</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1049" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:257.25pt;margin-top:4.55pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-32;margin-left:342px; margin-top:5px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image022.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1049" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1052" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:152.25pt;margin-top:.8pt;width:27.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-29;margin-left:202px; margin-top:0px;width:39px;height:16px"><img width="39" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image023.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1052" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>3. He regularly studies<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>both<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>in the morning</u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>in the evening</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.75in;line-height:150%; tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1051" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:351pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:relative;z-index:-30"><span style="left:0px;position:absolute;left:467px;top:-1px;width:56px;height:21px"><img width="56" height="21" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image024.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1051" /></span></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1050" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:relative;z-index:-31"><span style="left:0px;position:absolute; left:300px;top:-1px;width:59px;height:21px"><img width="59" height="21" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image025.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1050" /></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>4. The play that we saw last night was<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>not only <u>rather delightful</u> but also <u>quite meaningful.<o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1054" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:274.5pt;margin-top:3.7pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-27;margin-left:365px; margin-top:4px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image017.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1054" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1053" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:127.5pt;margin-top:-.05pt;width:33.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:relative;z-index:-28"><span style="position:absolute;left:169px;top:-1px;width:47px;height:16px"><img width="47" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image026.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1053" /></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>5. He married her neither <u>for her ability to cook<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>nor<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>her ability to clean house</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1056" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:216.75pt;margin-top:2pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-25;margin-left:288px; margin-top:2px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image014.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1056" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1055" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:147.75pt;margin-top:2pt;width:26.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-26;margin-left:196px; margin-top:2px;width:37px;height:16px"><img width="37" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image027.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1055" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>6. The discussion was both<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>exciting</u> and<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>interest</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.75in;line-height:150%; tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1058" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:363.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-23;left:0px;margin-left: 484px;margin-top:1px;width:58px;height:16px"><img width="58" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image028.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1058" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1057" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:188.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-24;left:0px;margin-left: 250px;margin-top:1px;width:60px;height:21px"><img width="60" height="21" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image029.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1057" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>7. He withdrew all the money<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>not only<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>from the cheking account </u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>but also<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>from the savings account.<o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1060" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:152.25pt;margin-top:.4pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-21;margin-left:202px; margin-top:0px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image014.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1060" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1059" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:53.25pt;margin-top:.4pt;width:39.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-22;margin-left:70px; margin-top:0px;width:55px;height:16px"><img width="55" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image030.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1059" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>8.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>Neither<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>the teacher</u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>the students</u> are ready to leave the classroom.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: 150%;tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1062" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:315pt;margin-top:-.05pt;width:20.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:relative;z-index:-19"><span style="position:absolute;left:419px;top:-1px;width:29px;height:16px"><img width="29" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image017.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1062" /></span></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1061" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:161.25pt;margin-top:-.05pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:relative;z-index:-20"><span style="position:absolute;left:214px;top:-1px;width:46px;height:16px"><img width="46" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image020.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1061" /></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>9. You can meet with me either<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>in the next few minutes </u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>at 4:00</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:58.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-58.5pt;line-height:150%; tab-stops:40.5pt 49.5pt"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1064" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:364.5pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-17;left:0px;margin-left: 485px;margin-top:2px;width:50px;height:16px"><img width="50" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image031.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1064" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1063" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:264pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-18;left:0px;margin-left: 351px;margin-top:2px;width:58px;height:16px"><img width="58" height="16" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image032.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1063" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>10. John is an adventurous person who enjoys<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>not only <u>skydiving</u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>but also <u>goes parasailing. </u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops:49.5pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops:49.5pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE (Skills 14 – 15)</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman""> : Each of the following sentences contains words or groups of words that should be parallel. Circle the word that indicates that the sentences should have parallel parts. Underline the parts that should be parallel. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1065" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:absolute;z-index:-16;left:0px;margin-left:372px;margin-top:2px; width:37px;height:19px"><img width="37" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image033.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1065" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>1. The advertisements appeared <u>in the newspaper </u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>and<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>on the radio</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1069" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:absolute;z-index:-12;left:0px;margin-left:246px;margin-top:32px; width:20px;height:19px"><img width="20" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image034.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1069" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1068" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:114.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-13;left:0px;margin-left: 152px;margin-top:32px;width:45px;height:19px"><img width="45" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image035.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1068" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1067" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:233.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:relative;z-index:-14"><span style="left:0px;position:absolute;left:310px;top:-1px;width:35px;height:19px"><img width="35" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image036.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1067" /></span></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1066" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:relative;z-index:-15"><span style="left:0px;position:absolute; left:180px;top:-1px;width:34px;height:19px"><img width="34" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image037.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1066" /></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>2. She is trained as <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>both an <u>accountant</u> <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>and <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>in nursing</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>3. We can take either <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>my car</u> <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>or <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>yours</u> to the party.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1070" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:absolute;z-index:-11;left:0px;margin-left:281px;margin-top:0px; width:31px;height:19px"><img width="31" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image038.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1070" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>4. The coffee is <u>too hot</u>, <u>too bitter</u>, <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>and <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>too strength</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1074" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:absolute;z-index:-7;left:0px;margin-left:326px;margin-top:33px; width:19px;height:19px"><img width="19" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image039.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1074" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1073" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:126.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-8;left:0px;margin-left: 168px;margin-top:33px;width:53px;height:19px"><img width="53" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image040.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1073" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1072" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:192.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-9;left:0px;margin-left: 256px;margin-top:1px;width:56px;height:19px"><img width="56" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image041.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1072" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1071" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:71.25pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-10;left:0px;margin-left: 94px;margin-top:1px;width:60px;height:19px"><img width="60" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image042.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1071" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>5. He <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>not only <u>passed the test</u> <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>but also <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>receiving the highest score</u> in the class.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>6. Your ideas are <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>neither <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>more important</u> or <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>less important</u> than the ideas of the<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>others.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1075" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:absolute;z-index:-6;left:0px;margin-left:281px;margin-top:0px; width:31px;height:19px"><img width="31" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image043.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1075" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>7. The meeting lasted <u>only an hour</u> <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>but <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>still seeming too long</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1079" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:absolute;z-index:-2;left:0px;margin-left:211px;margin-top:33px; width:25px;height:19px"><img width="25" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image044.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1079" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1078" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:54.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-3;left:0px;margin-left: 72px;margin-top:33px;width:47px;height:19px"><img width="47" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image045.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1078" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1077" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:211.5pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-4;left:0px;margin-left: 281px;margin-top:2px;width:31px;height:19px"><img width="31" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image046.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1077" /></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1076" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:126.75pt;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:-5;left:0px;margin-left: 168px;margin-top:2px;width:37px;height:19px"><img width="37" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image033.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1076" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>8. The novel was <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>both <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>emotional</u> <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>and <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>description</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>9. <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>Either <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>the counselor</u> <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>her secretary</u> can help you with that problem.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:roundrect id="_x0000_s1080" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;" arcsize="10923f"><![endif]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout; position:absolute;z-index:-1;left:0px;margin-left:498px;margin-top:0px; width:32px;height:19px"><img width="32" height="19" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Yoss/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtml1/02/clip_image047.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1080" /></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span> 10.The leaves from the tree fell <u>in the yard</u>, <u>in the pool</u>, <u>the driveway</u>, and <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>on the</u><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>sidewalk</u>.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS 14 – 15) : </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentences.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 1. Ballpoint pens <u>are</u> less versatile <u>but</u> more <u>population</u> than foumtain <u>pens</u>.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language: IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span></span></sup><sup><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language: IN"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></sup><sup><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D</span></sup><sup><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 2. Riddles <u>vary</u> <u>greatly</u> in both grammatical and <u>phonology</u> <u>form</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:1.2in 120.0pt 282.6pt 327.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 3. Blood preassure is <u>measured</u> by feeling the pulse and <u>apply</u> a <u>force</u> to the <u>arm</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:149.4pt 306.6pt 346.2pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 4. The moon <u>has</u> no atmosphere, <u>no</u> air, <u>and</u> no <u>watery</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:98.4pt center 207.65pt left 267.6pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 5. The firs <u>matches</u> <u>were</u> too hard to ignite, <u>a mess</u>, or too <u>dangerously</u> easy to <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:93.0pt 136.2pt 254.4pt 333.6pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>ignite.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 6. A 1971 <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">U.S.</st1:country-region></st1:place> <u>government</u> policy not only put warnings on cigarette <u>packs</u> but <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:130.2pt 368.4pt"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>also <u>banning</u> television <u>advertising</u> of cigarettes.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:80.4pt 174.6pt"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 7. <u>Demand</u>, beauty, durability, <u>rare</u>, and perfection of cutting <u>determine</u> the <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:58.8pt 339.0pt"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>value</u> of gemstone.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:49.2pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 8. The Harvard Yard, <u>which</u> was Harvard’s <u>original</u> campus, is still a <u>major</u> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:144.6pt 257.4pt 368.4pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>attraction for boyh students and <u>visiting</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 9. <u>In</u> 1862, the American Confederacy <u>raised</u> the <st1:place st="on"><st1:city st="on">Merrimack</st1:city></st1:place>, renamed it <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:normal;tab-stops:center 225.65pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><st1:place st="on"><st1:state st="on">Virginia</st1:state></st1:place>, covered it whit iron <u>plates</u>, and <u>an outfit</u> it with ten guns.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:249.6pt"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. The liquid crystals in a liquid crystal <u>display</u> (LCD)<u> affect </u>the <u>polarized</u> light <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:239.4pt 306.6pt 364.2pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>so that it is either blocked <u>and</u> reflected by the segments of the display.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:175.8pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1 – 15) </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">: Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentences.<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; "></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; "> </span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:0in; line-height:150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .75in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Most cells in multicelled organisms perform <u>(D) specialization</u> fuctions.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .75in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">The big <st1:placetype st="on">island</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename st="on">Hawaii</st1:placename>, in the middle of the <st1:place st="on">Pacific Ocean</st1:place>, <u>(D) was created </u>by five <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>volcanoes.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .75in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">The sun uses up over four million tons of hydrogen per second <u>(C) but it</u> Still has enough hydrogen to last for the next billion years.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:150%;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .75in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">For Katherine L. Bates, who <u>(A) reached</u> The top of <st1:place st="on">Pikes Peak</st1:place> in 1893. the view provided the inspiration for her hymn “<st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">America</st1:country-region></st1:place> the Beautiful.”<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 5. Coal, petroleum, <u>and</u> natural <u>gascous</u> are <u>all</u> fossil <u>fuels</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:128.4pt 243.6pt 289.8pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. The mass of <u>neutron stars</u> generally <u>range</u> from one-tenth to <u>twice</u> the <u>mass</u> of <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:1.55in center 207.65pt left 336.0pt right 415.3pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> <o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.75in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"">the sun.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 7. Grasses <u>grow</u> in <u>ways</u> that help them to <u>survive</u> being nibbled, <u>chilly</u>, or dried.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:1.2in 130.8pt 245.4pt 352.2pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 8. Most of Hemingway’s novels <u>glorifies</u> heroic <u>exploits</u> such as <u>bullfighting</u> or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:center 207.65pt left 272.4pt 361.2pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:center 207.65pt left 272.4pt 361.2pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>boxing</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:58.8pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 9. Paleographers <u>study</u> ancient and <u>medieval</u> handwriting in order to <u>establish</u> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:120.0pt center 207.65pt left 5.2in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>not only its age <u>and</u> also its background.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:120.6pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10.The sounds <u>produced</u> by bullfrogs and toads <u>vary</u> greatly because each <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:116.4pt 259.8pt"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>species <u>have</u> its own particular <u>call</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:80.4pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:IN">6</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"> : Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">have. </i>Underline the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 1. We <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> already <u style="text-underline: double">hearing</u> the good news.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 2. She <u style="text-underline:double">has ridden</u> her bicycle to school every day.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 3. I <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> always <u style="text-underline: double">believe</u> you.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 4. He <u style="text-underline:double">has</u> <u style="text-underline:double">find</u> the missing car keys.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. They <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> <u style="text-underline:double">put</u> their money in a savings account.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. Their parents <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> <u style="text-underline: double">allowed</u> them to stay up late.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>7. She <u style="text-underline:double">has</u> never <u style="text-underline: double">ran</u> away from home before.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. <u style="text-underline:double">Have</u> you ever <u style="text-underline: double">saw</u> a ghost?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>9. They <u style="text-underline:double">have</u> <u style="text-underline:double">taken</u> three tests already this week.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. He <u style="text-underline:double">has</u> <u style="text-underline:double">offer</u> me a high-paying job.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE 17 </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">: </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:IN">Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">be. </i>Underline the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>1. She <u style="text-underline:double">was study</u> the textbooks all night long.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>2. The pie <u style="text-underline:double">was cut</u> into six equal pieces.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 3. Today the teacher <u style="text-underline:double">is allow</u> the students to leave class a few minutes early.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. The class <u style="text-underline:double">is teach</u> every other semester.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. Tom <u style="text-underline:double">is bringing</u> some drinks to the party.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. The sick child <u style="text-underline:double">was take</u>n to see a doctor.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>7. The children <u style="text-underline:double">are swi</u>m in the backyard pool.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 8. The diamond jewelry <u style="text-underline:double">is always</u> keep in a safe place.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 9. The teacher <u style="text-underline:double">is preparin</u>g a difficult exam for the students.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. Dinner <u style="text-underline:double">is served</u> from 6:00 to 8:00.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCI</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN">S</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">E 18 </span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">: </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:IN">Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed witha modal. Underline the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 1. You <u style="text-underline:double">should try</u> to respond politely.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>2. Everyone <u style="text-underline:double">must leaves</u> the room immediately.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>3. I <u style="text-underline:double">could sat</u> on the beach for hours.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. She <u style="text-underline:double">will asking</u> you many difficult questions.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. You <u style="text-underline:double">can loo</u>k at the book, but you cannot borrow it.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 6. He <u style="text-underline:double">may lies</u> to you because he is not very truthful.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>7. He knew that he <u style="text-underline:double">would forgot</u> the phone number.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. The wetherman said that it <u style="text-underline:double">might sowing</u> tonight.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>9. Perhaps we <u style="text-underline:double">could bought</u> a new car this year.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. This course <u style="text-underline:double">will satisfy</u> the graduation requirement.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">EXERCISE (Skills 16 – 18) </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">: </span><span lang="IN" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN">Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed with several parts. Underline the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct ( C ) or incorrect ( I ).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 1. We <u style="text-underline:double">have became </u>good friends in the last year.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 2. Your name <u style="text-underline:double">will be</u> list in the new directory.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 3. The new movie <u style="text-underline:double">is receive</u> good reviews.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>4. She <u style="text-underline:double">must have</u> feel sorry about her bad behavior.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>5. They <u style="text-underline:double">have always</u> given their family many presents.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. We <u style="text-underline:double">may be</u> taking a vacation next week.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 7. We <u style="text-underline:double">could have</u> taking a vacation last week.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. The package <u style="text-underline:double">might had been</u> deliver by an express mail service.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">I <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>9. I <u style="text-underline:double">have not wrote</u> very many letters to my friends.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. The car <u style="text-underline:double">should not</u> have be drive anymore yesterday.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 16 – 18)</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> : Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 1. By the 1920s, <u>many</u> radio <u>transmitters</u> <u>had</u> been <u>build</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 2. <u>Fish</u> <u>farming</u> has <u>rose </u>in the <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place> in <u>recent</u> years.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 3. In <u>areas</u> of volcanic activity, beach <u>sand</u> may <u>contains</u> dark minerals and <u>little</u> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D <o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:49.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">quartz.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:49.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 4. Cro-Magnon man was <u>names</u> after the <u>caves</u> in southwest <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">France</st1:country-region></st1:place> where the <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:45.0pt;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>first <u>remains</u> were <u>discovered</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">D<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 5. Lassie, the famous collie who <u>made</u> her first <u>screen</u> appearance in 1943, has <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:9.0pt;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>always <u>be</u> <u>played</u> by a male dog.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>6. A blue bigwig lizard <u>stakes</u> out a <u>territory</u> and will <u>defending</u> females within <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:13.5pt;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>it against <u>courting</u> males.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 7. President George Washington was <u>inaugurates</u> on the <u>steps</u> <u>of the</u> Federal <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:13.5pt;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>Building</u> in <st1:place st="on"><st1:city st="on">New York City</st1:city></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A <span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>8. <u>By</u> 1627, <st1:place st="on"><st1:city st="on">Plymouth</st1:city></st1:place> had <u>became</u> a viable and <u>growing</u> community of fifty <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:9.0pt;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>families, twenty-two goats, fifteen cows, and <u>more than</u> fifty pigs.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 9. Tobacco <u>wa</u>s the crop on which the <u>eminence</u> of Williamburg and the <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;text-indent:.25in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><u>prosperity</u> of <st1:place st="on"><st1:state st="on">Virginia</st1:state></st1:place> were <u>base</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10.Because there <u>may be</u> scores of genes in each suspect DNA region, scientists <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:13.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>must <u>identifying</u> and <u>sequence</u> the actual genes <u>contributing</u> to type I diabetes.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skill 1 – 18) </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">: Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentences.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:0in; line-height:150%;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 49.5pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">(D) The <st1:place st="on">Pacific Ocean</st1:place> has</span></u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> the deepest valleys and canyons on the Earth.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:49.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-13.5pt; line-height:150%;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 45.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman""> In the <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place>, the participation of females in the labor force <u>(D) jumped</u> from 37 percent in 1965 to 51 percent in 1980.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:49.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-13.5pt; line-height:150%;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 49.5pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman"">Some composers, such as Richard Wagner, have felt that <u>(B) interrupt arias</u> the action of the opera too much and have written operas without them.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 4. Water <u>stored</u> behind a <u>dam</u> can <u>used</u> to<u> drive</u> turbines.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:78.6pt 157.2pt center 207.65pt left 232.8pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 5. Our universe may <u>continue</u> to <u>expand</u> as it <u>gets</u> colder,<u>empty</u>, and deader.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:145.2pt center 207.65pt left 253.2pt 309.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 6. Every <u>form</u> of matter in the world<u> are</u> <u>made up</u> of <u>atoms</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:80.4pt center 207.65pt left 238.2pt 287.4pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 7. The <u>lens</u> and cornea are <u>supply</u> with <u>nutrients</u> and oxygen by the <u>aqueous </u><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:67.8pt 168.6pt 231.6pt 363.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:49.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>fluid.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 8.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><st1:place st="on"><st1:city st="on">Dodge City</st1:city></st1:place>, laid out in 1872, <u>owed</u> both its prosperity and its <u>famous</u> to the <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:178.2pt 350.4pt"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><sup><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>buffalo in <u>its</u> early <u>years</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:95.4pt 142.2pt"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></span></sup></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span> 9.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>The amount of the <u>two kinds</u> of cholesterol in the blood <u>have</u> been <u>shown</u> to <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:151.8pt 322.2pt 5.25in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>have an <u>effect </u>on the risk of heart attack.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:87.6pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>D<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"">A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>10. By the time Noah Webster <u>reached</u> <u>his</u> mid-twenties, he had already <u>publish</u> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:184.2pt 216.6pt 377.4pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><sup>A<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>B<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>C<o:p></o:p></sup></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>an <u>elementary </u>speller.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal;tab-stops:78.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><sup>D</sup></span></p>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-65776483085391413482011-03-11T04:03:00.000-08:002011-03-11T04:04:14.922-08:00ANSWER OF EXERCISE PAGE 155 – 183<!--[if !mso]> <style> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves>false</w:TrackMoves> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> 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unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults ext="edit" spidmax="2050"> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout ext="edit"> <o:idmap ext="edit" data="1"> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise 1 : Underline the subject once and the verbs twice in each of the following sentences. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I)</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">page 157</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1. <span style=""> </span>My best <u>friend </u>always helpful with problems.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2. <span style=""> </span>The bus <u>schedule</u> <u style="">has changed</u> since last week.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3. <span style=""> </span>Accidentally <u>dropped</u> the glass on the floor.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C <span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4. <span style=""> </span>The <u>customer</u> paying the clerk for the clothes.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span>The <u>professor</u> <u style="">handed</u> the syllabus to the students.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6.<span style=""> </span>Each day <u>practiced</u> the piano for hours.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7.<span style=""> </span>The basketball <u>player</u> tossed the ball into the hoop.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8.<span style=""> </span>The new <u>student </u>in the class very talkative and friendly.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span>9. <u style="">Walking</u> with the <u>children</u> to school.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10.<span style=""> </span>The <u>whales</u> <u style="">headed</u> south for the winter.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise 2 : Each of the following sentences contains one or more prepositional phrases. Underline the subjects once and the verbs twicw. Circle the propositional phrases that come before the verb. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or Incorrect (I).</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">page 158</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1.<span style=""> </span>The <u>name</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">of the baby</span> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in the crib</span> <u style="">is</u> Jack.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">By the next meeting</span> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">of class</span> <u style="">need</u> to turn in the papers.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3.<span style=""> </span>The directions <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">to the exercise</span> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">on page</span> twenty unclear.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4.<span style=""> </span>Because <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">of the heavy</span> rain throught the night, the walkways <u style="">are</u> muddy.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span>During the week <u style="">eat</u> lunch <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in the school</span> cafetaria.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">In the morning</span> after the concert <u style="">was tired</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">In the summer</span> the trip <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">to the mountains</span> <u style="">is</u> our favorite trip.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">In a box</span> on the top shelf <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">of the cabinet</span> <u style="">in</u> the hallway of the house.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9.<span style=""> </span>With her purse <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in her hand</span> ran through the door.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C </span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10. <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">At 1:00</span> in the morning <u>the alarm</u> clock <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">on the table</span> beside bed <u style="">rang</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise (skill 1-2) : Underline the subjects once and the verbs twice. Circle the propositional phrases that come before the verb. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or Incorrect (I).</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span>page 158</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1.<span style=""> </span>During <u>the meeting</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in the office</span> <u style="">discussed</u> the schedule.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2.<span style=""> </span>The <u>doctor</u> <u style="">gave</u> the patient a prescription.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span>3.<span style=""> </span><u>The tall evergreen trees</u> along the road.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4.<span style=""> </span>The watch <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in the jewelry box</span> <u style="">needs</u> a new battery.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span><u>Pleasantly</u> <u style="">greets</u> everyone <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in all the offices</span> every morning.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6. <span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">In the office</span> of the building across the street from the park on the corner.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7.<span style=""> </span>The dishes <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in the sink</span> really <u style="">need</u> to be washed as soon as possible.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">In a moment</span> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">of worry</span> about the problem with the cash <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in the account</span>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9. The plane from New York <u style="">circling</u> the airport.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10. On a regular basis the plants <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in the boxes</span> under the window <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">in the kitchen</span> <u style="">are</u> watered</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span>and fest. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Toefl Exercise (Skill 1-2) Choose the letter of the word or group of word that best completes the sentences.</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">page 159</span></b></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Mark Twain <u>called </u>the years after the Civil War the “Gilded Age.”</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Early <u>horses ha</u></span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">d</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">toes instead of hooves on their feet.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Tundra plants are found </span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">grow close to the ground in the short Artic summer.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">In 1867, <u>the United States purchased </u>Alaska from the Russians for $7.2 million.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Between 1725 and 1750, New England witnessed an increase in the specialization of <u>occupations.</u></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The large carotid artery </span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">carrying blood</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">to the main parts of the brain.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Marconi develop</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">ed</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">radio as the first partical system of wireless telegraphy.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">In 1975, the first succesful space probe to <u>venus was</u> beginning to send information back to Earth.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span>The two biggest resort </span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">towns </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">in</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Arkansas are Hot Spring and Eureka Spring.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">NASA’s Lyndon B.Johnson Space Center <u>was the</u> control center<span style=""> </span>for the <i style="">Mercury</i>, <i style="">Gemini</i>, and <i style="">Appolo</i> space flights.</span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise<span style=""> </span>3 page 161</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1.<span style=""> </span>The <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">crying</span> <u>baby</u> <u style="">needs</u> to be picked up</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2.<span style=""> </span>The <u>clothes</u> <u style="">are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">lying</span></u> on the floor <u style="">should go</u> into the washing machine.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3.<span style=""> </span>The <u>waitress</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">bringing</span> the steaming soup to the waiting diners.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4.<span style=""> </span>Most of the striking <u>workers</u> <u style="">are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">walking</span></u> the picket line.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span>For her brithday, <u>the child</u> <u style="">is <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">getting</span></u> a talking doll.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6.<span style=""> </span>The <u>setting sun</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">creating</span> a rainbow of colors in the sky.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7.<span style=""> </span>The ship <u style="">is <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">sailing</span></u> to Mexico <u style="">is <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">leaving</span></u> tonight.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8.<span style=""> </span><u>The letters</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">needing</span> immediate answers are on the desk.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">The boring class</span> just <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">ending</span> a few minutes ago.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10.<span style=""> </span>The <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">fast-moving</span> clouds <u style="">are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">bringing</span></u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">freezing</span> rain to the area. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise 4 page 162</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">1.<span style=""> </span>The <u>food</u> <u style="">is <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">served</span></u> in this restaurant <u style="">is</u> delicious.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"><span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2.<span style=""> </span>The </span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">plane</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> <u style="">landed</u> on the <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">deserted</span> runway</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3.<span style=""> </span>The </span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">unexpected guests</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> arrived just at dinnertime.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4.<span style=""> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">The courses <u style="">are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">listed</span></u> in the catalogue <u style="">are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">required</span></u> courses</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">The <u>teacher</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">found</span> the lost exam</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6.<span style=""> </span>The </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">small apartement very <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">crowded</span> and <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">disorganized</span>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I</span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7.<span style=""> </span>The </span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">photographs</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">developed</span> yesterday <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">showed</span> Sam and his friends.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8.<span style=""> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">The <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">locked</span> drawer <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">contained</span> the unworn jewels.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9.<span style=""> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">The <u>tree</u> was blown over in the storm <u style="">was cut</u> into logs.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10.<span style=""> </span>The </span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">students</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">registered</span> in this course <u style="">are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">listed</span></u> on that sheet of paper.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise (Skill 3-4) page 163</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="position: absolute; z-index: -1; margin-left: 131px; margin-top: 1px; width: 47px; height: 18px;"><img src="file:///C:/Users/Putri/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" height="18" width="47" /></span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1.<span style=""> </span>Our <u>hosts</u> <u style="">are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">serving</span></u> drinks on the tiled patio.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span>2.<span style=""> </span>The <u>tired woman</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">taking</span> a much-<span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">needed</span> nap.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3.<span style=""> </span>The <u>letters</u> <u style="">were <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">sent</span></u> on Monday <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">arrived</span> on Wednesday.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4.<span style=""> </span>The <u>winners</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">deserved</span> the big prize.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span>The <u>plants</u> <u>are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">growing</span></u> in the garden need a lot of water.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6.<span style=""> </span>The <u>shining stars</u> lit up the <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">darkened</span> sky.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style=""> </span>7.<span style=""> </span>The <u>driver</u> rapidly <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">increased</span> the speed of the racing car.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8.<span style=""> </span>The <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">excited</span> children</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">trying</span> to build a snowman in the falling snow.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9.<span style=""> </span>The <u>students</u> <u style="">are <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">completing</span></u> the course will <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">graduate</span> in June.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10. The <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">dissatisfied</span> <u>customer</u> <u style="">is <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">returning</span></u> the <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">broken</span> toaster to the store.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Toefl exercise (Skill 3-4) page163</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The first <u>flower are plants</u> appeared during the last period of the dinosaurs’ reign.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The earliest medicines <u>were obtained</u> from plants of various sorts.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Simple sails were made from canvas <u>stretched</u> over a frame.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Pluto’s moon Charon <u>is moving</u> in a slightly elliptical path around the planet.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Technique of breath control form an essential part of any <u>trains</u> program to improve the voice.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Robert E. Lee <u>surrendered</u> the Confederate Army to General Grant in 1865 at the Appomattox Courthouse.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">7.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The pituitary gland, <u>found below</u> the brain, releases hormones to control other glands.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">8.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">At around two years of age, many children regularly produce sentences <u>are containing</u> three or four words.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">9.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Multinational companies <u>are finding</u> it increasingly important to employ internasionally acceptable brand names.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">10.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The cornea is located under the conjunctiva, on the exposed part of the eye.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Toefl Review Exercise (Skills 1-4) page 164</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The Polynesians</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> first settled the Hawaiian Islands between A.D. 300 and 750.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">In 1066, a bright comet <u>was appearing</u> in the sky attracted much attention.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">In some daguerreotype cameras, <u>the object was viewed</u> through a hole in the back of the box.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">In the Stone Age, stone tools <u>were polished</u> with other rock materials.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The first steamship to cross the Atlantic <u>it was the</u> <i style="">Savannah</i>, in 1819.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The Earth’s plates meet each other at crack in the Earth <u>were called</u> faults.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">7.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The first plant-like organisms probably <u>lived</u> in the sea, perhaps three billion years ago.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">8.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">In male pattern baldness, <u>heredity has</u> strongly influences the degree of hair loss.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">9.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">In <i style="">Watch the Skies</i>, Curtis Peebles <u>makes a fascinating</u> attempt to explain America’s belief in flying saucers.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="">10.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The irregular coastline of <span style=""> </span><u>Massachusetts is</u> a succession of bays and inlets, with the hook of the Cape Cad peninsula in the southeast.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise 5 page 166</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">1.<span style=""> </span>The <u>lawn</u> <u style="">needs</u> water every day, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">or</span> <u>it</u> <u style="">will</u> turn brown.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">2.<span style=""> </span>The <u>book</u> <u style="">was</u> not long, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">but</span> <u>it</u> difficult to read.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">3.<span style=""> </span><u>It</u> <u style="">was raining</u>, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">so</span> <u style="">decided</u> not to go camping.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">4.<span style=""> </span>The <u>material</u> <u style="">has</u> been cut, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">and</span> <u>the pieces</u> <u style="">have been</u> sewn together.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">5.<span style=""> </span>The <u>patient</u> <u style="">took</u> all the medicine, <u>he</u> <u style="">did</u> not feel much better.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">6.<span style=""> </span>The <u>bill</u> must be <u style="">paid</u> immediately, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">or</span> the <u>electricity</u> will <u style="">turned off</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">7.<span style=""> </span>The <u>furnance</u> <u style="">broke</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">so</span> the <u>house</u> <u style="">got</u> quite cold.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">8.<span style=""> </span>The <u>dress</u> <u style="">did</u> not cost too much, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">but</span> the quality <u>it</u> <u style="">seemed</u> excellent.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1cm; text-indent: -1cm;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">9.<span style=""> </span>The leaves <u style="">kept</u> falling off the <u>trees</u>, and the <u>boys</u> <u style="">kept</u> ranking them up, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">but</span> the yard<span style=""> </span>was still covered.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1cm; text-indent: -1cm;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">10. The <u>postman</u> <u style="">has</u> already <u style="">delivered</u> the mail, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">so</span> the letter <u>is</u> not going to arrive today, <u>it</u> probably will arrive tomorrow.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Exercise 6 </span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">page </span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">168</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">1.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">After</span> the <u>plane</u> <u style="">circled</u> the airport, <u>it</u> <u style="">landed</u> on the main runway.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">2.<span style=""> </span>The <u>registration process</u> <u style="">took</u> many hours <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">since</span> the <u>lines</u> so long.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">3.<span style=""> </span><u>This type of medicine</u> can be helpful, <u>it can also have</u> some bad side effects.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">4.<span style=""> </span><u>The waves</u> <u style="">were amazingly</u> high <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">when</span> <u>the storm</u> <u>hit</u> the coastal town.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">5.<span style=""> </span><u>We</u> <u style="">need to get</u> a new car <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">whether</span> <u>is</u> on sale or not.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">6.<span style=""> </span><u>Just as the bread</u> <u style="">came</u> out of the oven, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">while</span> <u>a wonderful aroma</u> <u style="">filled</u> the kitchen.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">7.<span style=""> </span><u>Everyone</u> <u style="">has spent</u> time unpacking boxes <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">since</span> <u>the family</u> <u style="">moved</u> into the new house.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">8.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">Although</span> <u>the area</u> <u style="">is</u> a desert many plants bloom there <u style="">in</u> the springtime.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1cm; text-indent: -1cm;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">9.<span style=""> </span><u>The drivers on the freeway</u> <u style="">drove slowly</u> and <u style="">carefully</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">while</span> <u>the rain</u> <u style="">was falling</u><span style=""> </span>heavily <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">because</span> <u>they</u> <u style="">did not want</u> to have an accident.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1cm; text-indent: -1cm;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">10.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">If</span> you plan <u style="">carefully</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">before</span> <u>you</u> <u style="">take</u> a trip, <u style="">will have</u> a much better time <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">because</span> <u>the small details</u> <u style="">will not cause</u> problems.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Exercise (Skills 5-6)</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> page</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> 169</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">1.<span style=""> </span><u>The lawyer</u> <u style="">presented</u> a strong case, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">but</span> <u>the client</u> <u style="">was still</u> found guilty.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">2.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">After</span> <u>the children</u> <u style="">read</u> some stories <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">before</span> <u>they</u> <u style="">went</u> to bed.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">3.<span style=""> </span><u>The report</u> <u style="">needed to be completed</u>, <u>the workers</u> <u style="">stayed</u> late every night for a week.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">4.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">If</span> <u>you</u> <u style="">do not turn</u> on the lights, <u>you</u> <u style="">will trip</u> in the dark.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">5.<span style=""> </span><u>A thick fog</u> <u style="">came rolling</u> <u>in</u>, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">so</span> planes unable to land.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">6.<span style=""> </span>All of <u>the shoes</u> <u style="">are</u> on sale <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">until</span> the <u>current</u> stock is <u style="">gone</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">7.<span style=""> </span>The <u>ship</u> <u style="">leaving</u> the dock <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">even though</span> some <u>passengers</u> <u style="">were not</u> on board.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">8.<span style=""> </span>The <u>outline</u> must <u style="">be turned</u> in to the teacher a week <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">before</span> the <u>paper</u> <u style="">is due</u>, and must approve it.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">9.<span style=""> </span><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">Because</span> the <u>food</u> <u style="">was cold</u> when <u>it</u> <u style="">was served</u> the <u>diners</u> <u style="">sent</u> it back to the kitchen.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">10. <u>You</u> <u style="">should</u> slow down <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">while</span> <u>you</u> <u style="">are driving</u>, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">or</span> the <u>police</u> <u style="">will pull</u> your car over.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Toefl Exercise (Skills 5-6)</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> page 169</span></b></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">A spacecraft is freed from friction <u>after it is</u> launched into space.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Because lobsters blend</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> with their surroundings, or they hide in crevices for protection.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">While the shoulder is</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> a ball-and-socket joint, the elbow is a simple hinge joint.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">A car has several section with moving parts, <u>well lubricated</u> of those parts is essential.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Bears cannot see well <u>because they have</u> small eyes.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">A land bridge existed</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> at the Isthmus of Panama, so animals were able to migrate between North and South America.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Although the Empire State Building is built </span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">mostly made of granite, it also contains some human-made materials.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Pressure differences make the eardrum vibrate <u>as sound waves enter</u> the ear.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">An optical microscope magnifies as much as 2,000 times, but an electron microscope <u>can magnify</u> as much as a million times.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">If scientific estimates are accurate, <u>the collision of the Canon Diablo meteorite</u> with the Earth about 20,000 years ago.</span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Toefl Review Exercise (Skills 1-6)</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> page 170</span></b></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">The economic activity</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> of the Pueblo Indians centered on intensive agriculture.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">In popular terminology, any long snowstorm with <u>a large amount of wind</u> is called a blizzard.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Nuclear power can be produced by fusion, <u>it can also be</u> produced by fission.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">If the temperature is high</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">, igneous rocks may be changed into gneisses.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">In 1905, Henry Flagler <u>announced</u> his plans to extend his Florida East Coast Railway out across the sea to Key West.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">The sound <u>comes</u> from a vibrating object will be high or low depending on the number of vibrations.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">During the late 1880s, urban streetcars were electrified through <u>the use of</u><span style=""> </span>large motors.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Biscayne National Park encompasses</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> almost 274 square miles, but 96 percent of the park is under water.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Legislation <u>was passed</u> in 1916 and 1917 gave the Wilson administration authority to intervene in the national economy if it proved necessary.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Because a family of birds set up housekeeping in Joel Chandler Harris’s mailbox when the birds were in need of a place to stay, <u>so the home was named</u> the <i style="">Wren’s Nest</i>.</span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Exercise 7</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> page </span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">172</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">1.<span style=""> </span><u>It</u> <u style="">is</u> unfortunate <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> the <u>meal</u> <u style="">is</u> not ready yet.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">2.<span style=""> </span><u>She</u> <u style="">told</u> me <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">when</span> <u style="">should pick</u> her up.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">3.<span style=""> </span><u>The instructor</u> <u style="">explained</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">where</span> <u style="">was the computer</u> lab located.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">4.<span style=""> </span><u>We</u> <u style="">could not belive</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">what</span> <u>he</u> <u style="">did</u> to us.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">5.<span style=""> </span>Do <u>you</u> want to know <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">if</span> it <u style="">going</u> to rain tomorrow?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">6.<span style=""> </span><u>We</u> <u style="">never know</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">whether</span> <u>we</u> <u style="">will get paid</u> or not.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">7.<span style=""> </span><u>This evening</u> you <u style="">can decide</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">what</span> do <u>you</u> <u style="">want</u> to do.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">8.<span style=""> </span><u>The manager</u> <u style="">explained</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">how</span> <u style="">wanted</u> the work done.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">9.<span style=""> </span><u>The map</u> <u style="">showed</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">where</span> <u>the party</u> <u style="">would</u> be held.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">10.<span style=""> </span><u style="">Can</u> you <u>tell</u> <u style="">me</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">why</span> <u>was</u> <u>the mail</u> <u style="">not delivered</u> today?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Exercise 8 page 174</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">1.<span style=""> </span>The <u>teacher</u> <u style="">heard</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span></u> <u style="">answered</u> the question.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">2.<span style=""> </span><u>I</u> <u style="">do not understand</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">what</span></u> <u>it</u> <u style="">went</u> wrong.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">3.<span style=""> </span>Of the three movies, <u>I</u> <u style="">can’t decide</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span></u> is the best.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">4.<span style=""> </span><u>She</u> <u style="">did not remember</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span></u> in her class.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">5.<span style=""> </span><u>No one</u> <u style="">is sure</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">what</span></u> did <u>it</u> <u style="">happen</u> in front of the building.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">6.<span style=""> </span><u>We</u> <u style="">found out</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span></u> <u style="">was</u> <u>her</u> <u style="">favorite</u> type of candy.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">7. <span style=""> </span><u style="">Do</u> you <u style="">know</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">what</span></u> <u style="">caused</u> the plants to die?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">8.<span style=""> </span><u>I am not sure</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span></u> it is <u style="">the most important</u> course in the program.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">9.<span style=""> </span><u>We</u> <u style="">thought</u> about <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span></u> <u style="">would be the best</u> vice president.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">10.<span style=""> </span><u>She</u> <u style="">saw</u> <u><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">what</span></u> in the box in the closet.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">Exercise (Skills 7-8)</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> page </span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">174</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">1.<span style=""> </span><u>It</u> <u style="">doubtful</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">whether</span> <u>he</u> <u style="">will</u> pass the test or not.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">2.<span style=""> </span><u>The group</u> <u style="">discussed</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span> <u>he</u> <u style="">should receive</u> the prize.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">3.<span style=""> </span><u>It</u> is <u style="">not certain</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">why</span> <u>the class</u> <u style="">was cancelled</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">4.<span style=""> </span><u>I</u> <u style="">will do</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">what</span> <u style="">does</u> <u>it</u> <u style="">need</u> to be done.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">5.<span style=""> </span><u>We</u> <u style="">forgot</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">when</span> did the movie start.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">6.<span style=""> </span><u>I</u> <u style="">would</u> like to ask <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">if</span> <u>you</u> <u style="">could come</u> over for dinner this weekend.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">7.<span style=""> </span><u>The children</u> <u style="">knew</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u>the best game</u> to <u style="">play</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">8.<span style=""> </span><u>The advison</u> <u style="">informed</u> her <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u style="">needed</u> to add another class.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">9.<span style=""> </span><u>He</u> <u style="">saw</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span> took the money.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">10.<span style=""> </span><u>It</u> <u style="">is unclear</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">how</span> the window got broken.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Toefl Exercise (Skills 7-8) page 175</span></b></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Today the true story of <u>what happening</u> at Little Bignorn remains a mystery.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">For more than a decade, <u>bird-watchers have warned</u> that certain species are becoming scarce.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Early in the eighteenth century, Halley accurately predicted when <u>the comet</u> of 1682 would return.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">No single factor explains why <u>aging has an effect</u> vary so greatly among individuals.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Back of clarity about <u>who will lead</u> the party in the coming year will be removed at the party’s convention.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">We do not <u>know whether</u> the bow drill was first developed for woodworking or fire making.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Minute man National Historical Park is a monument to where <u>the beginning of the Revolutionary War</u>.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Test on the colors of cars were conducate at the Universitas of California to determine <u>which</u> the safest colors for cars.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The National Institute of Dental Research estimates <u>for school children</u> in fluoridated areas have about 25 percent less tooth decay than children elsewhere.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The process of photosynthesis explains how <u>with green plants are</u> able to use the energy in sunlight to manufacture foods from the simple chemicals in air and water.</span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Toefl Review Exercise (Skills 1-8) page 176</span></b></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Air near the equator <u>to have</u> a faster west-to-east motion than air farther from the equator.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">About 4000 </span><span style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B.C</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">., humans discovered that <u>the ability of metallic</u> obtained from special rocks called ores.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">In the degradation of DNA</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> quickly after an animal dies.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Improvement</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> acrodynamic design has contributed a major part in reancing resistance to motion.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The southern part of Florida is much warmer in the winter than the northern part, so more <u>touring flocks</u> to the south.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The Moon’s gravity pulls water on the near side of the Earth toward the Moon, and this is what <u>causing</u> tides to occur.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">As glaciers move</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">, they pick up fragments of rock which become frozen into the base of the ice.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The tape measure first evoled from <u>the chains measure</u> used by the Egyptians.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A typical Atlantic hurricane starts as a low pressure system near <u>the Africa coast</u>.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">It is not clear whether the subdivisions of the neocortex <u>are individual</u> units.</span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise 9 page 178</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>I</u> <u style="">did not believe</u> the story <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u>he</u> <u style="">told</u> me.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u style="">Ms. Brown</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">whom</span> <u style="">did</u> <u>you</u> <u style="">recommend</u> for the job, <u style="">will start</u> work tomorrow.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The lecture</u> <u style="">notes</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u style="">lent</u> <u>me</u> <u style="">were</u> not clearly <u style="">written</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4.<span style=""> </span><u>Sally</u> <u style="">has</u> an appointment with the hairdresser <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">whom</span> <u>you</u> <u style="">recommended</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The phone number</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u>you</u> <u style="">gave</u> me.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6.<span style=""> </span><u>She</u> <u style="">is</u> able <u style="">to solve</u> all the problem <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u style="">did</u> she cause.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7.<span style=""> </span><u>The day</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u>she</u> <u style="">spent</u> on the beach <u style="">left</u> her sunburned.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8. <span style=""> </span>Next week <u>I am</u> <u style="">going to visit</u> my cousin, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">whom</span> <u style="">have not seen</u> in several years.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9. <span style=""> </span><u style="">Did</u> <u>you</u> <u style="">forget</u> the promise <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">whom</span> <u>you</u> <u style="">made</u>?</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10. <span style=""> </span><u>The teacher</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">whom</span> <u>the student</u> <u style="">like</u> the most <u>is</u> their history teacher.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise 10 page 180</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1.<span style=""> </span>The <u>children</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u style="">were vaccinated</u> <u style="">did not get</u> sick.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2.<span style=""> </span><u>I</u> <u style="">did not vote</u> for the politician <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span> <u>he</u> just <u style="">won</u> the election.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3.<span style=""> </span>The <u>dog</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u style="">barking</u> belongs to my neighbor.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>I</u> <u style="">took</u> two of the blue pills, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u style="">were</u> very effective.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span><u>W</u>e <u style="">rented</u> an apartment from the landlord <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span> <u style="">does</u> <u>he</u> own the building on Mapel Street.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6. <span style=""> </span><u>She</u> <u style="">forgot to attend</u> the meeting <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u>it</u> <u style="">began</u> at 11:00.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7. <span style=""> </span><u>Any student</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span> <u style="">does not turn</u> in the paper by Friday <u style="">will fail</u> the class.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8. <span style=""> </span>The <u>people</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u style="">came</u> in late <u style="">had</u> to sit at back.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9. <span style=""> </span><u>The courses</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u style="">satisfy</u> the graduation requirements <u>they</u> <u style="">are</u> difficult.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C </span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10. <span style=""> </span>After dinner <u>she</u> <u style="">went to visit</u> her parents, <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span> <u style="">were living</u> down the street.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt; line-height: 150%;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Exercise (Skills 9-10) page 181</span></b></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>My sister</u> <u style="">prefer to eat</u> food <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u style="">have cooked</u> themselves.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The boat</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u style="">hit</u> the underwater rock sank.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The car</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u>he</u> <u style="">was driving</u> <u style="">could not possibly</u> be his.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The children</u> <u style="">built</u> a house in the tree <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> in the backyard.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The cost</u> of the trip <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u>we</u> <u style="">wanted to take</u>.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The children</u> are <u style="">playing</u> with the toys <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u>their mother</u> <u style="">told</u> them <u style="">to put</u> away.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The guests</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">who</span> <u style="">were seated</u> around the dinner table.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>The students</u> <u style="">have to read</u> all the chapter <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> are on the test.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I<span style=""> </span></span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9.<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><u>I</u> really <u style="">do not like</u> the artist <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">which</span> <u>you</u> like.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C </span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10.<span style=""> </span><u>The stones</u> <span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm;">that</span> <u>they</u> <u style="">were set</u> in the ring <u style="">were</u> quite valuable.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Toefl Exercise (Skills 9-10) page 181</span></b></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Modern humans, who first appeared about 600,000 years ago, <u>were called</u> <i style="">Homo sapiens</i>.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The first writing <u>that we have</u> evidence of is on Mesopotamian clay tablets.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">They are succulents</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> drought-resistant plants which store water in fleshy tissue.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Benjamin Kabelsky, whom <u>most people know</u> as Jack Benny, was a famous comedian in vaudeville and on radio and televisoion.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Dinosaurus are known</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> that hunted other animals tended to have very narrow, sharp, curved claws.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The first eyeglasses had convex lenses for the aged who <u>had become</u> farsighted.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Chimney Rock, <u>which stand</u> 500 feet above the North Platte River, Has eroded considerably in the last two centuries.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The hormones change</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> that accompany recurring bouts of severe depression reduce bone denisty.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Willa Cather is an author <u>whom readers praise</u> for her evocative and memorable vision of frontier prairie life.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Mars’s tiny moon Phobos is small mountain of rock that <u>was probably captured</u> from the asteroid belt by Mars’s gravitational pult.</span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -42.55pt; line-height: 150%;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Toefl Review Exercise (Skills 1-10) page 182</span></b></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Because Annapolis</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> is famous as the home of the United State Naval Academy.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Some scientists think <u>that pluto might not</u> be a planet but a moon of Neptune.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">With <u>the appearance</u> of sophisticated oil lamps, elaborate tools were made to cut the wicks.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Fort Union was the site of what <u>being the</u> principal fur-trading post on the upper Missouri River.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Since <u>moving faces</u> commercial risk, it has to appeal to a large audience to justify its cost.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A current of water known as the Gulf Stream comes up from the Gulf of Mexico, and then <u>it crosses</u> the North Atlantic toward Europe.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Systems <u>using</u> the two symbols 0 and 1 are called binary number systems.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Genes, <u>which are</u> the blueprints for cell construction, exist in hightly organized packages called chromosomes.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The Earth’s atmosphere consists of gases <u>held</u> in place arround the Earth by the gravitational pull of the planet.</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Oscar Hammerstein II collaborated with a number of composers including Jerome Kern, whom <u>was joined</u> in writing the musical Show Boat.</span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"><span style=""> </span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-1919047947807257232011-03-10T01:44:00.000-08:002011-03-11T04:00:08.119-08:00TOEFL<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> 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semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Reference"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="33" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><span style=""> </span>TOEFL stands for Test Of Home as a Foreign Language. TOEFL is a standardized English language ability of a person in writing (de jure), which covers four aspects of mastery: Listening, Writing and Reading. TOEFL scoring system using the conversion of each correct answer. The highest TOEFL score one can achieve is 675.</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> <span class="longtext"><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;">TOEFL has two general objectives are: Academic and General. In the same form, TOEFL certification recommendation could use for both. Academic tests are used for educational purposes, research or related academic activities abroad, or in Indonesia. </span>For post-graduate, usually a minimum value is 550. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;">while for S1 is 500 </span>General is generally used for the purpose of employment, promotion or job assignment. Many companies that install the English language standard employees by looking at TOEFL score <span style=""> </span>his. Generally, a minimum TOEFL score is 500 for a standard promoted. </span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">As far as I encountered, the range of TOEFL scores - average Indonesian people with minimal education level S1 is very volatile. There are even some who do not know what and for what it is TOEFL (they read: "tufl"). Not so with the decision-English majors in college. At least they know what is a TOEFL. However, TOEFL score of a student or graduate English majors does not guarantee high. In some cases recruiment times, I found some applicants get the TOEFL score of 300, whereas in the proposal, the person concerned is an alumni of the ABA (Foreign Language Academy). While in general, fluctuations in the average TOEFL score rating ranges from 300 to 600.</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Did someone guarantee the TOEFL English language skills a person?</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> <span class="longtext">Generally, people understand that language is English speaking, conversation, cas cis cus and so on. English cover four main skills: Listening (digestion word through hearing), Writing (digestion words through writing and grammar), reading (digestive meaning of a text language) and speaking (able to pronounce it). Speaking of language acquisition, it can not be removed from the mastery of four skills earlier, are perfect. However, many of them think, what matters is the ability to say it, even with a full-tolerance grammar and word choice are modest and the origin met.</span> <span class="longtext">For example:</span> <span class="longtext">John: Would you drive me to the hospital?</span> <span class="longtext">Us: Better go now ....</span> <span class="longtext">From the meaning of the conversation, saying it has a meaning. But we also know, the quality of a person known by the way he speaks, especially the use diksinya (choice of words).</span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">TOEFL is an acronym of the Test Of Home as a Foreign Language, TOEIC is the acronym for Test Of Home as an International Communication, ILETS is the acronym of the International Language of Home Testing System, ESP is the acronym of the Home for Specific Purposes.</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> <span class="longtext">TOEFL is a portfolio of one's English ability in general accordance with the standards of U.S. Home.</span> <span class="longtext">TOEIC is a portfolio of one's English ability in general based on the standard Business Home (Economics).</span> <span class="longtext">ILETS is a portfolio of one's English ability in general, based on state standards - British Commonwealth Countries.</span> <span class="longtext">ESP is the kind of English science that has a special purpose. In English, there are two types of teaching are:</span><br /><span class="longtext">General Home: Includes conversation, grammar without focusing on one of the other sciences, such as the term - the medical term and so on.</span> <span class="longtext"><span style=""> </span>ESP: Discussing English for special purposes.</span> <span class="longtext">So, TOEFL TOEIC IELTS is part of the ESP, while the conversation is part of the General Home.</span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Previously necessary to distinguish the understanding of certificates and certification. This needs to be known as the world's TOEFL institution does not necessarily allow the institution a kind of educational institution issued a certificate. TOEFL Institutions world officially designate specific agencies to issue a certificate that is recognized worldwide.</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> <span class="longtext">The certificate is a portfolio, or a description of someone who has done a TOEFL test institution designated by the organizers test TOEFL institution world. Thus, not all agencies can issue a certificate of TOEFL. In Indonesia, the Authorized - was on the Menara Imperium. Testnya itself is held 2 times a month and is paid a dollar. In 2004, the fee is U $ 125. The certificates are recognized internationally and can be used for academic and general.</span><br /><span class="longtext">Certification is a testimony of an ordinary educational institution that did not receive the designation of the institution concerned TOEFL world that has undertaken a TOEFL test at the institution. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;">Certification is no more used as an approximate picture of Britain a person or language ability is often referred to TOEFL Prediction Test. This certification can also be used, but usually companies or international institutions will ask for an official certificate.</span></span></span></p>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-89183839911597683402010-12-17T01:45:00.000-08:002010-12-17T01:53:02.760-08:00TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN<div style="text-align: justify;">Tanggung Jawab Soasial Perusahaan<br /><br />Tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan sangat erat kaitannya dengan pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut:<br /><br />Apakah memang perusahaan punya tanggung jawab moral dan sosial ?<br />Kalau ada, manakah lingkup tanggung jawab itu ?<br />Apakah, terkait dengan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan itu, perusahaan perlu terlibat dalam kegiatan sosial yang berguna bagi masyarakat atau tidak ?<br />Bagaimana tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan itu dapat dioperasionalkan dalam suatu perusahaan ?<br /><br />1. Syarat bagi Tanggung Jawab Moral<br />Tindakan itu dijalankan oleh pribadi yang rasional<br />Bebas dari tekanan, ancaman, paksaan atau apapun namanya<br />Orang yang melakukan tindakan tertentu memang mau melakukan tindakan itu<br /><br />2. Status Perusahaan<br />Terdapat dua pandangan (Richard T. De George, Business Ethics, hlm.153), yaitu:<br />Legal-creator, perusahaan sepenuhnya ciptaan hukum, karena itu ada hanya berdasarkan hukum.<br />Legal-recognition, suatu usaha bebas dan produktif.<br /><br /> Tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan hanya dinilai dan diukur berdasarkan sejauh mana perusahaan itu berhasil mendatangkan keuntungan sebesar-besarnya (Milton Friedman,The Social Responsibilities of Business to Increase Its Profits, New York Times Magazine,13-09-1970)<br /><br />Ini hanyalah bentuk tanggung jawab legal…<br /><br />Anggapan bahwa perusahaan tidak punya tanggung jawab moral sama saja dengan mengatakan bahwa kegiatan perusahaan bukanlah kegiatan yang dijalankan oleh manusia<br />Tanggung jawab moral perusahaan dijalankan oleh staf manajemen<br />Tanggung jawab legal tidak dapat dipisahkan dari tanggung jawab moral<br /><br /> Sesungguhnya, pada tingkat operasional bukan hanya staf manajemen yang memikul tanggung jawab sosial dan moral perusahaan ini, melainkan seluruh karyawan….<br /><br />3. Lingkup Tanggung jawab Sosial<br />Keterlibatan perusahaan dalam kegiatan sosial yang berguna bagi kepentingan masyarakat luas<br />Keuntungan ekonomis<br /><br />4. Argumen yang Menentang Perlunya Keterlibatan Sosial Perusahaan<br />Tujuan utama Bisnis adalah Mengejar Keuntungan Sebesar-besarnya<br />Tujuan yang terbagi-bagi dan Harapan yang membingungkan<br />Biaya Keterlibatan Sosial<br />Kurangnya Tenaga Terampil di Bidang Kegiatan Sosial<br /><br />5. Argumen yang Mendukung Perlunya Keterlibatan Sosial Perusahaan<br />Kebutuhan dan Harapan Masyarakat yang Semakin Berubah<br />Terbatasnya Sumber Daya Alam<br />Lingkungan Sosial yang Lebih Baik<br />Perimbangan Tanggung Jawab dan Kekuasaan<br />Bisnis Mempunyai Sumber Daya yang Berguna<br />Keuntungan Jangka Panjang<br /><br />6. Implementasi Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan<br />Prinsip utama dalam suatu organisasi profesional, termasuk perusahaan, adalah bahwa struktur mengikuti strategi<br /><br />Artinya, struktur suatu organisasi didasarkan ditentukan oleh strategi dari organisasi atau perusahaan itu<br /><br />Strategi yang diwujudkan melalui struktur organisasi demi mencapai tujuan dan misi perusahaan perlu dievaluasi secara periodik, salah satu bentuk evaluasi yang mencakup nilai-nilai dan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan adalah Audit Sosial<br /></div>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-31048363244508414672010-12-17T01:29:00.000-08:002010-12-17T01:44:15.342-08:00ETIKA UTILITARIANISME DALAM BISNISEtika Utilitarianisme Dalam Bisnis terdiri dari ;<br /><br />1. Kriteria dan Prinsip Etika Utilitarianisme<br />2. Nilai Positif Etika Utilitarianisme<br />3. Utilitarianisme Sebagai Proses dan Standar Penilaian<br />4. Analisa Keuntungan dan Kerugian<br />5. Kelemahan Etika Utilitarianisme<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Etika Utilitarianisme</span><br />Dikembangkan pertama kali oleh <span style="font-style: italic;">Jeremi Bentham (1748 -1832).</span><br />Adalah tentang bagaimana menilai baik buruknya suatu kebijaksanaan sosial politik, ekonomi dan legal secara moral.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">1. Kriteria dan Prinsip Etika Utilitarianisme</span> terdiri dari ;<br />Pertama, <span style="font-style: italic;">MANFAAT</span><br />Kedua, <span style="font-style: italic;">MANFAAT TERBESAR</span><br />Ketiga, <span style="font-style: italic;">MANFAAT TERBESAR BAGI SEBANYAK MUNGKIN ORANG</span><br /><br />Bertindaklah sedemikian rupa sehingga tindakanmu itu mendatangkan keuntungan sebesar mungkin bagi sebanyak mungkin orang.<br /><br />2. <span style="font-style: italic;">Nilai Positif Etika Utilitarianisme</span> terdiri dari ;<br />Pertama, <span style="font-style: italic;">Rasionalitas</span>.<br />Kedua, <span style="font-style: italic;">Utilitarianisme sangat menghargai kebebasan setiap pelaku moral.</span><br />Ketiga, <span style="font-style: italic;">Universalitas.</span><br /><br />3. <span style="font-style: italic;">Utilitarianisme sebagai proses dan sebagai Standar Penilaian</span><br />Pertama, etika utilitarianisme digunakan sbg proses untuk mengambil keputusan, kebijaksanaan atau untuk bertindak.<br />Kedua, etika utilitarianisme sebagai standar penilaian bagi tindakan atau kebijaksanaan yang telah dilakukan.<br /><br />4. <span style="font-style: italic;">Analisis Keuntungan dan Kerugian</span><br />Dalam Etika Utilitarianisme, manfaat dan kerugian selalu dikaitkan dengan semua orang yang terkait, sehingg analisis keuntungan dan kerugian tidak lagi semata-mata tertuju langsung pada keuntungan bagi perusahaan.<br /><br />Analisis keuntungan dan kerugian dalam kerangka Etika bisnis:<br />- Pertama, keuntungan dan kerugian, cost and benefits, yang dianalisis tidak dipusatkan pada keuntungan dan kerugian perusahaan.<br />- Kedua, analisis keuntungan dan kerugian tidak ditempatkan dalam kerangka uang.<br />- Ketiga, analisis keuntungan dan kerugian untuk jangka panjang<br /><br />Langkah konkret yang perlu diambil dalam membuat kebijaksanaan bisnis , berkaitan dengan Analisis keuntungan dan kerugian :<br />a. Mengumpulkan dan mempertimbangkan alternatif kebijaksanaan dan kegiatan bisnis sebanyak-banyaknya.<br />b. Seluruh alternatif pilihan dalam analisis keuntungan dan kerugian, dinilai berdasarkan keuntungan yg menyangkut aspek-aspek moral.<br />c. Analisis Neraca keuntungan dan kerugian perlu dipertimbangkan dalam kerangka jangka panjang.<br /><br />5.<span style="font-style: italic;"> Kelemahan Etika Utilitarisme</span><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Pertama</span>, manfaat merupakan konsep yg begitu luas shg dalam kenyataan praktis akan menimbulkan kesulitan yang tidak sedikit<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Kedua</span>, etika utilitarisme tidak pernah menganggap serius nilai suatu tindakan pada dirinya sendiri dan hanya memperhatikan nilai suatu tindakan sejauh berkaitan dengan akibatnya.<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Ketiga</span>, etika utilitarisme tidak pernah menganggap serius kemauan baik seseorang<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Keempat</span>, variabel yang dinilai tidak semuanya dapat dikualifikasi.<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Kelima</span>, seandainya ketiga kriteria dari etika utilitarisme saling bertentangan, maka akan ada kesulitan dalam menentukan proiritas di antara ketiganya<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Keenam</span>, etika utilitarisme membenarkan hak kelompok minoritas tertentu dikorbankan demi kepentingan mayoritas.yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-30641235969277708112010-12-17T01:07:00.000-08:002010-12-17T01:27:20.157-08:00Bisnis dan Etika<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Bisnis dan Etika</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Mitos Bisnis Amoral</span><br /> Mengungkapkan suatu keyakinan bahwa antara bisnis dan moralitas atau etika tidak ada hubungan sama sekali<br /> Etika justru bertentangan dengan bisnis dan akan membuat pelaku bisnis kalah dalam persaingan bisnis yang ketat<br /> Orang bisnis tidak perlu memperhatikan imbauan-imbauan, norma-norma dan nilai moral<br /><br /> <span style="font-weight: bold;">Argumen:</span><br />a. Bisnis adalah suatu persaingan, sehingga pelaku bisnis harus berusaha dengan segala cara dan upaya untuk bisa menang.<br />b. Aturan yang dipakai dalam permainan penuh persaingan, berbeda dari aturan yang dikenal dalam kehidupan sosial sehingga tidak bisa dinilai dengan aturan moral dan sosial<br />c. Orang bisnis yang mau mematuhi aturan moral atau etika akan berada pada posisi yang tidak menguntungkan<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Mitos bisnis amoral tidak sepenuhnya benar</span><br />=> Beberapa perusahaan ternyata bisa berhasil karena memegang teguh kode etis dan komitmen moral tertentu.<br /><br />=> Bisnis adalah bagian aktivitas yang penting dari masyarakat, sehingga norma atau nilai yang dianggap baik dan berlaku di masyarakat ikut dibawa serta dalam kegiatan bisnis<br /><br />=> Harus dibedakan antara legalitas dan moralitas<br />Suatu praktek atau kegiatan bisnis mungkin saja diterima secara legal karena ada dasar hukum, tetapi tidak diterima secara moral (monopoli?)<br /><br />Etika harus dibedakan dari ilmu empiris<br />Etika tidak mendasarkan norma atau prinsipnya pada kenyataan faktual yang terus berulang. <br />Menurut Hume :dari kenyataan yang ada (is) tidak bisa ditarik sebuah perintah normatif (ought)<br />contoh : sogok, suap,kolusi, monopoli,nepotisme<br />Berbagai aksi protes yang mengecam berbagai pelanggaran dalam kegiatan bisnis menunjukkan bahwa bisnis harus dijalankan secara baik dan tetap mengindahkan norma-norma moral<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Keutamaan Etika bisnis</span><br />1. Dalam bisnis modern, para pelaku bisnis dituntut untuk menjadi orang-orang profesional di bidangnya<br />Perusahaan yang unggul bukan hanya memiliki kinerja dalam bisnis,manajerial dan finansial yang baik akan tetapi juga kinerja etis dan etos bisnis yang baik<br />2. Dalam persaingan bisnis yang sangat ketat,maka konsumen benar-benar raja<br />Kepercayaan konsumen dijaga dengan memperlihatkan citra bisnis yang baik dan etis<br />3. Dalam sistem pasar terbuka dengan peran pemerintah yang menjamin kepentingan dan hak bagi semua pihak, maka perusahaan harus menjalankan bisnisnya dengan baik dan etis<br />4. Perusahaan modern sangat menyadari bahwa karyawan bukanlah tenaga yang harus dieksploitasi demi mendapat keuntungan<br /><br /> Kenneth Blanchard dan Norman Vincent Peale: “perlakuan yang baik terhadap karyawan telah menaikkan keuntungan perusahaan sebesar 20% atau telah menurunkan harga produk perusahaan tersebut sebesar 20%<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sasaran dan Lingkup Etika Bisnis</span><br />1. Etika bisnis bertujuan untuk menghimbau pelaku bisnis agar menjalankan bisnisnya secara baik dan etis<br />2. Untuk menyadarkan masyarakat khususnya konsumen, buruh atau karyawan dan masyarakat luas akan hak dan kepentingan mereka yang tidak boleh dilanggar oleh praktek bisnis siapapun juga<br />3. Etika bisnis juga berbicara mengenai sistem ekonomi yang sangat menentukan etis tidaknya suatu praktek bisnis<br /> <br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Prinsip-prinsip Etika Bisnis</span><br />1. <span style="font-style: italic;">Prinsip otonomi</span><br /> Otonomi adalah sikap dan kemampuan manusia untuk mengambil keputusan dan bertindak berdasarkan kesadaran sendiri tentang apa yang dianggapnya baik untuk dilakukan.<br /> Orang yang otonom adalah orang yang bebas mengambil keputusan dan tindakan serta bertanggung jawab atas keputusan dan tindakannya tersebut<br /><br />2. <span style="font-style: italic;">Prinsip Kejujuran</span><br />- Kejujuran dalam pemenuhan syarat-syarat perjanjian dan kontrak<br />- Kejujuran dalam penawaran barang dan jasa dengan mutu dan harga sebanding<br />- Kejujuran dalam hubungan kerja intern dalam suatu perusahaan <br /><br />3.<span style="font-style: italic;"> Prinsip Keadilan</span><br /> Prinsip keadilan menuntut agar setiap orang diperlakukan secara sama sesuai dengan aturan yang adil dan sesuai dengan kriteria yang rasional objektif dan dapat dipertanggung jawabkan<br /><br />4.<span style="font-style: italic;"> Prinsip Saling Menguntungkan</span><br /> Prinsip ini menuntut agar bisnis dijalankan sedemikian rupa sehingga menguntungkan semua pihak.<br /> Dalam bisnis yang kompetitif, prinsip ini menuntut agar persaingan bisnis haruslah melahirkan suatu win-win solution<br /><br />5. <span style="font-style: italic;">Prinsip Integritas Moral</span><br /> Prinsip ini dihayati sebagai tuntutan internal dalam diri pelaku bisnis atau perusahaan agar dia menjalankan bisnis dengan tetap menjaga nama baiknya atau nama baik perusahaan <br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Etos Bisnis</span><br /> <span style="font-style: italic;">Etos bisnis </span>adalah suatu kebiasaan atau budaya moral menyangkut kegiatan bisnis yang dianut dalam suatu perusahaan dari satu generasi ke generasi yang lain.<br /><br /> <span style="font-style: italic;">Inti etos ini </span>adalah pembudayaan atau pembiasaan penghayatan akan nilai, norma, atau prinsip moral tertentu yang dianggap sebagai inti kekuatan dari suatu perusahaan yang juga membedakannya dari perusahaan yang lain.<br /><br /> Etos bisnis dibangun atas dasar visi atau filsafat bisnis pendiri perusahaan sebagai penghayatan tentang bisnis yang baik<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Relativitas Moral dalam Bisnis</span><br /> Dalam bisnis global yang tidak mengenal batas negara, etika masyarakat mana yang harus diikuti?<br />Tiga pandangan umum yang dianut :<br />1. Norma etis berbeda antara satu tempat dengan tempat yang lain.<br /> ‘’Kalau di Roma, bertindaklah sebagaimana dilakukan orang roma’’( kubu komunitarian )<br /> Artinya perusahaan harus mengikuti norma dan aturan moral yang berlaku di negara itu<br />2. Norma sendirilah yang paling benar dan tepat<br /> “Bertindaklah di mana saja sesuai dengan prinsip yang dianut dan berlaku di negaramu sendiri”<br /> Pandangan ini mewakili kubu moralisme universal, bahwa pada dasarnya norma dan nilai moral berlaku universal (prinsip yang dianut sendiri juga berlaku di negara lain)<br /><br />3. Tidak ada norma moral yang perlu diikuti sama sekali (De George menyebutnya sebagai dengan”immoralis naif”)<br /> Pandangan ini sama sekali tidak benar<br /><br />- Pendekatan stakeholder ialah cara mengamati dan menjelaskan secara analitis bagaimana berbagai unsur akan dipengaruhi dan juga mempengaruhi keputusan dan tindakan bisnis<br />- Memetakan hubungan-hubungan yang terjalin <br />- Pendekatan Stakeholder dalam kegiatan bisnis pada umumnya untuk memperlihatkan siapa saja yang mempunyai kepentingan, terkait, dan terlibat dalam bisnis itu <br /><br />”Bisnis harus dijalankan sedemikian rupa agar hak dan kepentingan semua pihak terkait yang berkepentingan (stakeholders) dengan suatu kegiatan bisnis harus bisa dijamin, diperhatikan dan dihargai” (disebut tujuan imperatif)<br /><br />Bermuara pada prinsip minimal : menuntut agar bisnis apapun perlu dijalankan secara baik dan etis demi menjamin kepentingan stakeholder <br /><br />Kelompok stakeholders:<br />1. <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Kelompok primer</span>. Pemilik modal atau saham, kreditor, karyawan, pemasok, konsumen, penyalur dan pesaing atau rekanan. Perusahaan harus menjalin relasi bisnis yang baik dan etis dengan kelompok ini.<br />2. <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Kelompok sekunder. </span>Pemerintah setempat, pemerintah asing, kelompok sosial, media massa, kelompok pendukung, masyarakat. <br /></div>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-14981136735060485022010-12-17T00:17:00.000-08:002010-12-17T01:05:34.424-08:00Bisnis : Sebuah Profesi Etis?<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bisnis : Sebuah Profesi Etis?</span><br /><br />Bisnis, bisa menjadi sebuah profesi etis, bila ;<br />a. Ditunjang oleh sistem politik ekonomi yang kondusif<br /> - aturan yang jelas dan fair<br /> - kepastian keberlakuan aturan tersebut<br /> - aturan hukum yang mengatur kegiatan bisnis<br /> - sistem pemerintahan yang adil dan efektif<br /><br />b. Prinsip-prinsip etis untuk berbisnis yang baik<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">1. Etika Terapan</span><br />Secara umum Etika dibagi menjadi :<br />1. Etika Umum<br />2. Etika Khusus<br /><br />=> <span style="font-style: italic;">Etika Umum</span> berbicara mengenai norma dan nilai moral, kondisi-kondisi dasar bagi manusia untuk bertindak secara etis, bagaimana manusia mengambil keputusan etis, teori-teori etika, lembaga-lembaga normatif dan semacamnya.<br /><br />=> <span style="font-style: italic;">Etika Khusus </span>adalah penerapan prinsip-prinsip atau norma-norma moral dasar dalam bidang kehidupan yang khusus.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Etika</span> sebagai Refleksi adalah <span style="font-style: italic;">pemikiran moral.</span><br />Dalam etika sebagai refleksi kita berfikir tentang apa yang dilakukan dari khususnya tentang apa yang harus dilakukan atau tidak boleh dilakukan.<br />Etika sebagai refleksi menyoroti dan menilai baik buruknya perilaku orang. Etika dalam arti ini dapat dijalankan pada taraf populer maupun ilmiah<br />Etika Khusus dibagi menjadi 3 :<br /><br />1. Etika Individual<br />2. Etika Sosial<br />3. Etika Lingkungan hidup<br /><br />=> <span style="font-style: italic;">Etika Individual</span> lebih menyangkut kewajiban dan sikap manusia terhadap dirinya sendiri.<br /><br />=> <span style="font-style: italic;">Etika Sosial</span> berbicara mengenai kewajiban dan hak, sikap dan pola perilaku manusia sebagai makhluk sosial dalam interaksinya dengan sesamanya. Etika individual dan etika sosial berkaitan erat satu sama lain.<br /><br />=> <span style="font-style: italic;">Etika Lingkungan Hidup</span> berbicara mengenai hubungan antara manusia baik sebagai kelompok dengan lingkungan alam yang lebih luas dalam totalitasnya, dan juga hubungan antara manusia yang satu dengan manusia yang lainnya yang berdampak langsung atau tidak langsung pada lingkungan hidup secara keseluruhan.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">2. Etika Profesi</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">a. Pengertian Profesi</span><br />Profesi dapat dirumuskan sebagai pekerjaan yang dilakukan sebagai nafkah hidup dengan mengandalkan keahlian dan keterampilan yang tinggi dan dengan melibatkan komitmen pribadi (moral) yang mendalam.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Orang Profesional </span>adalah orang yang melakukan suatu pekerjaan purna waktu dan hidup dari pekerjaan itu dengan mengandalkan keahlian dan ketrampilan yang tinggi serta punya komitmen pribadi yang mendalam atas pekerjaannya itu. Atau<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Orang yang profesional</span> adalah orang yg melakukan suatu pekerjaan karena ahli di bidang tersebut dan meluangkan seluruh waktu, tenaga, dan perhatiannya untuk pekerjan tersebut.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">b. Ciri-ciri Profesi</span><br />- Adanya keahlian dan ketrampilan khusus<br />- Adanya komitmen moral yang tinggi<br />- Biasanya orang yang profesional adalah orang yang hidup dari profesinya<br />- Pengabdian kepada masyarakat<br />- Pada profesi luhur biasanya ada izin khusus untuk menjalankan profesi tersebut.<br />- Kaum profesional biasanya menjadi anggota dari suatu organisasi profesi<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Adanya komitmen moral yg tinggi</span><br />Komitmen moral ini biasanya dituangkan, khususnya untuk profesi yang luhur dalam bentuk aturan khusus yg menjadi pegangan bg setiap orang yg mengemban profesi yang bersangkutan.<br /> Aturan main dlm menjalankan atau mengemban profesi tersebut biasanya disebut Kode Etik.<br />Ada 2 sasaran pokok dari kode etik, yaitu :<br />a. kode etik bermaksud melindungi masyarakat dari kemungkinan dirugikan oleh kelalaian entah secara sengaja atau tidak sengaja dari kaum profesional<br />b. kode etik bertujuan melindungi keluhuran profesi tsb dari perilaku-perilaku bobrok orang-orang yang mengaku diri profesional<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Biasanya orang yg profesional adalah orang yg hidup dari profesinya</span><br />ini berarti ia hidup sepenuhnya dari profesi ini<br />Ini berarti profesinya telah membentuk identitas orang tersebut. Ia tidak bisa lagi dipisahkan dari profesi itu, berarti ia menjadi dirinya berkat dan melalui profesinya<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Pengabdian kepada masyarakat</span><br />Adanya komitmen moral yang tertuang dalam kode etik profesi ataupun sumpah jabatan menyiratkan bahwa orang-orang yang mengemban profesi tertentu, khususnya profesi luhur, lebih mendahulukan dan mengutamakan kepentingan masyarakat daripada kepentingan pribadinya.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Profesi luhur biasanya ada izin khusus untuk menjalankan profesi tersebut</span><br />Keberadaan izin khusus, karena menyangkut kepentingan orang banyak, dan terkait dengan nilai-nilai luhur kemanusiaan berupa keselamatan, keamanan, kelangsungan hidup, kesehatan dan sebagainya.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Kaum profesional biasanya menjadi anggota dari suatu organisasi profesi</span><br />Contoh : IDI, IAI<br />Tujuan organisasi profesi ini terutama adalah untuk menjaga dan melindungi keluhuran profesi tersebut.<br />Tugas Pokoknya adalah menjaga agar standar keahlian dan ketrampilan tidak dilanggar, kode etik tidak dilanggar, dan berarti menjaga agar kepentingan masyarakat tidak dirugikan oleh pelaksanaan profesi tersebut. oleh anggota manapun<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">c. Prinsip-prinsip Etika Profesi</span><br /> * Prinsip Tanggung Jawab<br /> * Prinsip Keadilan<br /> * Prinsip Otonomi<br /> * Prinsip Integritas Moral<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Prinsip tanggung jawab:</span><br />Bertanggung jawab terhadap pelaksanaan pekerjaan dan terhadap hasilnya<br />Bertanggung jawab atas dampak profesinya ini terhadap kehidupan orang lain, khususnya kepentingan orang-orang yang dilayani.<br /> Bentuk : mengganti kerugian, pengakuan jujur dan tulus secara moral sebagai telah melakukan kesalahan, mundur dari jabatan dan sebagainya.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Prinsip Keadilan</span><br /> Prinsip ini terutama menuntut orang yang profesional agar dalam menjalankan profesinya ia tidak merugikan hak dan kepentingan pihak tertentu, khususnya orang-orang yang dilayani dalam rangka profesinya.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Prinsip Otonomi</span><br /> Prinsip yg dituntut oleh kalangan profesional thd dunia luar agar mereka diberi kebebasan sepenuhnya dlm menjalankan profesinya. Karena hanya kaum profesional ahli dan terampil dlm bidang profesinya, tidak boleh ada pihak luar yg ikut campur tangan dalam pelaksanaan profesi tersebut.<span style="font-style: italic;"></span><br />Batas-batas prinsip otonomi :<br />Tanggung jawab dan komitmen profesional (keahlian dan moral) atas kemajuan profesi tersebut serta (dampaknya pada) kepentingan masyarakat. Kendati pemerintah di tempat pertama menghargai otonomi kaum profesional, pemerintah tetap menjaga, dan pada waktunya malah ikut campur tangan, agar pelaksanaan profesi tidak sampai merugikan kepentingan umum<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Prinsip Integritas Moral</span><br /> prinsip ini merupakan tuntutan kaum profesional atas dirinya sendiri bahwa dalam menjalankan tugas profesinya ia tidak akan sampai merusak nama baiknya serta citra dan martabat profesinya.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">3. Menuju Bisnis sebagai Profesi Luhur</span><br />Sesungguhnya bisnis bukanlah merupakan profesi, kalau bisnis dianggap sebagai pekerjaan kotor, kedati kata profesi, profesional dan profesionalisme sering begitu diobral dalam kaitan dengan kegiatan bisnis. Namun dipihak lain tidak dapat disangkal bahwa ada banyak orang bisnis dan juga perusahaan yang sangat menghayati pekerjaan dan kegiatan bisnisnya sebagai sebuah profesi. Mereka tdk hanya mempunyai keahlian dan ketrampilan yg tinggi tapi punya komitmen moral yg mendalam. Karena itu, bukan tdk mungkin bahwa bisnis pun dapat menjadi sebuah profesi dlm pengertian sebenar-benarnya bahkan menjadi sebuah profesi luhur.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">a. Pandangan Praktis-Realistis</span><br />Pandangan ini bertumpu pada kenyataan yg diamati berlaku dlm dunia bisnis dewasa ini. Pandangan ini didasarkan pada apa yang umumnya dilakukan oleh orang-orang bisnis. Pandangan ini melihat bisnis sebagai suatu kegiatan di antara manusia yg menyangkut memproduksi, menjual dan membeli barang dan jasa untuk memperoleh keuntungan.<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Bisnis</span> adalah suatu kegiatan Profit Making. Dasar pemikirannya adalah bahwa orang yg terjun ke dalam bisnis tidak punya keinginan dan tujuan lain selain ingin mencari keuntungan. Kegiatan bisnis adalah kegiatan ekonomis dan bukan kegiatan sosial. Karena itu, keuntungan itu sah untuk menunjang kegiatan bisnis. Tanpa keuntungan bisnis tidak bisa jalan<br /><br />Asumsi Adam Smith :<br />Dlm masyarakat modern telah terjadi pembagian kerja di mana setiap orang tidak bisa lagi mengerjakan segala sesuatu sekaligus dan bisa memenuhi semua kebutuhan hidupnya sendiri<br />Semua orang tanpa terkecuali mempunyai kecenderungan dasar untuk membuat kondisi hidupnya menjadi lebih baik.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">b. Pandangan Ideal</span><br />Disebut pandangan ideal, karena dlm kenyataannya masih merupakan suatu hal yang ideal mengenai dunia bisnis. Sebagai pandangan yang ideal pandangan ini baru dianut oleh segelintir orang yang dipengaruhi oleh idealisme berdasarkan nilai yang dianutnya.<br /><br />Menurut Adam Smith, pertukaran dagang terjadi karena satu orang memproduksi lebih banyak barang sementara ia sendiri membutuhkan barang lain yang tidak bisa dibuatnya sendiri.<br />Menurut Matsushita (pendiri perusahan Matsushita Inc di Jepang), tujuan bisnis sebenarnya bukanlah mencari keuntungan melainkan untuk melayani kebutuhan masyarakat. Sedangkan keuntungan tidak lain hanyalah simbol kepercayaan masyarakat atas kegiatan bisnis suatu perusahaan. Artinya, karena masyarakat merasa kebutuhan hidupnya dipenuhi secara baik mereka akan menyukai produk perusahaan tersebut yang memang dibutuhkannya tapi sekaligus juga puas dengan produk tersebut.<br /><br />Dengan melihat kedua pandangan berbeda di atas, kita dapat menarik kesimpulan bahwa citra jelek dunia bisnis sedikit banyaknya disebabkan oleh pandangan pertama yang melihat bisnis sekadar sebagai mencari keuntungan.<br /><br />Atas dasar ini, persoalan yg dihadapi di sini adalah bagaimana mengusahakan agar keuntungan yang diperoleh ini memang wajar, halal, dan fair. Terlepas dari pandangan mana yang dianut, keuntungan tetap menjadi hal pokok bagi bisnis. Masalahnya adalah apakah mengejar keuntungan lalu berarti mengabaikan etika dan moralitas? Yang penting adalah bagaimana keuntungan ini sendiri tercapai.<br /><br />Salah satu upaya untuk membangun bisnis sebagai profesi yang luhur adalah dengan membentuk, mendukung dan memperkuat organisasi profesi.Melalui organisasi profesi tersebut bisnis bisa dikembangkan sebagai sebuah profesi dalam pengertian sebenar-benarnya sebagaimana dibahas disini, kalau bukan menjadi profesi luhur.yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-79047575727497696292010-12-16T22:16:00.000-08:002010-12-16T23:29:31.517-08:00Teori-teori EtikaTeori-teori Etika<br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">1. Pengertian Etika</span><br />Kata Etika berasal dari kata Yunani ‘Ethos’ jamak – 'ta etha', berarti adat istiadat.<br />Etika berkaitan dengan kebiasaan hidup yang baik, baik pada diri seseorang maupun pada suatu masyarakat, Etika berkaitan dengan nilai-nilai, tatacara hidup yg baik, aturan hidup yg baik dan segala kebiasaan yg dianut dan diwariskan dari satu orang ke orang yang lain atau dari satu generasi ke generasi yg lain.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Pengertian Etika = Moralitas</span><br />Moralitas berasal dari kata Latin <span style="font-style: italic;">Mos </span>(jamak – <span style="font-style: italic;">Mores</span>) berarti adat istiadat atau kebiasaan<br />Pengertian harfiah dari etika dan moralitas, sama-sama berarti sistem nilai tentang bagaimana manusia harus hidup baik sebagai manusia yang telah diinstitusionalisasikan dalam sebuah adat kebiasaan yang kemudian terwujud dalam pola perilaku yang ajek dan terulang dalam kurun waktu yang lama sebagaimana laiknya sebuah kebiasaan.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Etika Sebagai Filsafat Moral</span><br />Etika sebagai filsafat moral tidak langsung memberi perintah konkret sebagai pegangan siap pakai.<br /><br />Etika dapat dirumuskan sebagai refleksi kritis dan rasional mengenai,<br />a. Nilai dan norma yang menyangkut bagaimana manusia harus hidup baik sebagai manusia<br />b. Masalah kehidupan manusia dengan mendasarkan diri pada nilai dan norma moral yang umum diterima<br /><br />Etika sebagai sebuah ilmu yang terutama menitikberatkan refleksi kritis dan rasional :<br /><br />a. Mempersoalkan apakah nilai dan norma moral tertentu memang harus dilaksanakan dalam situasi konkret terutama yang dihadapi seseorang, atau<br /><br />b. Etika mempersoalkan apakah suatu tindakan yang kelihatan bertentangan dengan nilai dan norma moral tertentu harus dianggap sebagai tindakan yang tidak etis dan karena itu dikutuk atau justru sebaliknya<br /><br />c. Apakah dalam situasi konkret yang saya hadapi saya memang harus bertindak sesuai dengan norma yang ada dalam masyarakatku ataukah justru sebaliknya saya dapat dibenarkan untuk bertindak sebaliknya yang bahkan melawan nilai dan norma moral tertentu.<br /><br />Etika sebagai Ilmu menuntut orang untuk berperilaku moral secara kritis dan rasional.<br /><br />Dengan menggunakan bahasa Nietzcshe, etika sebagai ilmu menghimbau orang untuk memiliki moralitas tuan dan bukan moralitas hamba<br /><br />Dalam bahasa Kant, etika berusaha menggugah kesadaran manusia untuk bertindak secara otonom dan bukan secara heteronom. Etika bermaksud membantu manusia untuk bertindak secara bebas tetapi dapat dipertanggungjawabkan.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">2. Tiga Norma Umum</span><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Norma </span>dapat diartikan memberi pedoman tentang bagaimana kita harus hidup dan bertindak secara baik dan tepat, sekaligus menjadi dasar bagi penilaian mengenai baik buruknya perilaku dan tindakan kita.<br /><br />Macam Norma :<br />1. Norma Khusus<br />2. Norma Umum, terdiri dari :<br /> - Norma Sopan santun<br /> - Norma Hukum<br /> - Norma Moral<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Norma-norma Khusus</span> adalah aturan yang berlaku dalam bidang kegiatan atau kehidupan khusus, misalnya aturan olah raga, aturan pendidikan dan lain-lain.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Norma-norma Umum</span> sebaliknya lebih bersifat umum dan sampai pada tingkat tertentu boleh dikatakan bersifat universal.<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Norma Sopan santun / Norma Etiket</span> adalah norma yang mengatur pola perilaku dan sikap lahiriah dalam pergaulan sehari-hari<br /><br />Etika tidak sama dengan Etiket. Etiket hanya menyangkut perilaku lahiriah yang menyangkut sopan santun atau tata krama<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Norma Hukum</span> adalah norma yang dituntut keberlakuannya secara tegas oleh masyarakat karena dianggap perlu dan niscaya demi keselamatan dan kesejahteraan manusia dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat.<br /><br />Norma hukum ini mencerminkan harapan, keinginan dan keyakinan seluruh anggota masyarakat tersebut tentang bagaimana hidup bermasyarakat yang baik dan bagaimana masyarakat tersebut harus diatur secara baik<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Norma Moral</span>, yaitu aturan mengenai sikap dan perilaku manusia sebagai manusia.<br /><br />Norma moral ini menyangkut aturan tentang baik buruknya, adil tidaknya tindakan dan perilaku manusia sejauh ia dilihat sebagai manusia.<br /><br />Ada beberapa ciri utama yang membedakan norma moral dari norma umum lainnya ( kendati dalam kaitan dengan norma hukum ciri-ciri ini bisa tumpang tindih) :<br /><br />A. Kaidah moral berkaitan dengan hal-hal yang mempunyai atau yang dianggap mempunyai konsekuensi yang serius bagi kesejahteraan, kebaikan dan kehidupan manusia, baik sebagai pribadi maupun sebagai kelompok.<br /><br />B. Norma moral tidak ditetapkan dan/atau diubah oleh keputusan penguasa tertentu. Norma moral dan juga norma hukum merupakan ekspresi, cermin dan harapan masyarakat mengenai apa yang baik dan apa yang buruk. Berbeda dengan norma hukum, norma moral tidak dikodifikasikan, tidak ditetapkan atau diubah oleh pemerintah. Ia lebih merupakan hukum tak tertulis dalam hati setiap anggota masyarakat, yang karena itu mengikat semua anggota dari dalam dirinya sendiri<br /><br />C. Norma moral selalu menyangkut sebuah perasaan khusus tertentu, yang oleh beberapa filsuf moral disebut sebagai perasaan moral (moral sense)<br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">3. Teori Etika</span><br />a. <span style="font-style: italic;">Etika Teleologi </span><br /> Teologi barasal dari kata Yunani, <span style="font-style: italic;">telos</span> = tujuan, <br /> Mengukur baik buruknya suatu tindakan berdasarkan tujuan yang mau dicapai dengan tindakan itu, atau berdasarkan akibat yang ditimbulkan oleh tindakan itu.<br /><br /> Dua aliran etika teleologi :<br /> - Egoisme Etis<br /> - Utilitarianisme<br /><br />* <span style="font-style: italic;">Egoisme Etis</span><br />Inti pandangan egoisme adalah bahwa tindakan dari setiap orang pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk mengejar pribadi dan memajukan dirinya sendiri.<br /><br />Satu-satunya tujuan tindakan moral setiap orang adalah mengejar kepentingan pribadi dan memajukan dirinya.<br /><br />Egoisme ini baru menjadi persoalan serius ketika ia cenderung menjadi hedonistis, yaitu ketika kebahagiaan dan kepentingan pribadi diterjemahkan semata-mata sebagai kenikmatan fisik yg bersifat vulgar.<br /><br />* <span style="font-style: italic;">Utilitarianisme</span><br />berasal dari bahasa latin utilis yang berarti “bermanfaat”.<br /><br />Menurut teori ini suatu perbuatan adalah baik jika membawa manfaat, tapi manfaat itu harus menyangkut bukan saja satu dua orang melainkan masyarakat sebagai keseluruhan.<br />Dalam rangka pemikiran utilitarianisme, kriteria untuk menentukan baik buruknya suatu perbuatan adalah “the greatest happiness of the greatest number”, kebahagiaan terbesar dari jumlah orang yang terbesar.<br /></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />Utilitarianisme, dibedakan menjadi dua macam :<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Utilitarianisme Perbuatan</span> (Act Utilitarianism)<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Utilitarianisme Aturan</span> (Rule Utilitarianism)<br /><br />Prinsip dasar utilitarianisme (manfaat terbesar bagi jumlah orang terbesar) diterpakan pada perbuatan.<br /><br />Utilitarianisme aturan membatasi diri pada justifikasi aturan-aturan moral.<br /><br />b. <span style="font-style: italic;">Deontologi</span><br />Istilah deontologi berasal dari kata Yunani ‘<span style="font-style: italic;">deon</span>’ yang berarti kewajiban.<br />‘Mengapa perbuatan ini baik dan perbuatan itu harus ditolak sebagai buruk’, deontologi menjawab : ‘karena perbuatan pertama menjadi kewajiban kita dan karena perbuatan kedua dilarang’.<br />Yang menjadi dasar baik buruknya perbuatan adalah kewajiban.<br />Pendekatan deontologi sudah diterima dalam konteks agama, sekarang merupakan juga salah satu teori etika yang terpenting.<br /><br />c. <span style="font-style: italic;">Teori Hak</span><br />Dalam pemikiran moral dewasa ini barangkali teori hak ini adalah pendekatan yang paling banyak dipakai untuk mengevaluasi baik buruknya suatu perbuatan atau perilaku.<br /><br />Teori Hak merupakan suatu aspek dari teori deontologi, karena berkaitan dengan kewajiban. Hak dan kewajiban bagaikan dua sisi uang logam yang sama.<br /><br />Hak didasarkan atas martabat manusia dan martabat semua manusia itu sama. Karena itu hak sangat cocok dengan suasana pemikiran demokratis.<br /><br />d. <span style="font-style: italic;">Teori Keutamaan (Virtue)</span><br />yang dimaksud adalah memandang sikap atau akhlak seseorang.<br />Tidak ditanyakan apakah suatu perbuatan tertentu adil, atau jujur, atau murah hati dan sebagainya.<br />Keutamaan bisa didefinisikan sebagai berikut : disposisi watak yang telah diperoleh seseorang dan memungkinkan dia untuk bertingkah laku baik secara moral.<br /><br />Contoh keutamaan :<br />Kebijaksanaan<br />Keadilan<br />Suka bekerja keras<br />Hidup yang baik<br /></div>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-37751571491125041372010-11-14T04:36:00.000-08:002010-11-14T05:20:24.331-08:00Mengeluhkan KekuranganPada suatu ketika, seorang lelaki menemui Yunus bin Ubaid. Lelaki itu mengeluhkan hidupnya yang serba sulit.<br /> Kemudian, Yunus bertanya, " Apakah engkau rela bila penglihatanmu dituksr dengan uang seratus juta?" Lelaki itu menjawab," Tidak." Ketika ditanya lagi, " Apakah engkau rela bila pendengaranmu diganti dengan uang seratus juta. Ia pun menjawab, "Tidak."Yunus mengajukan pertanyaan lagi kepada lelaki itu, " Bagaimana dengan lisanmu?" Lelaki itu menjawab dengan jawaban yang sama.<br /> Setelah itu, Yunus berbicara, " Allah telah memberikan ratusan juta nikmat kepadamu, tetapi engkau justru mengeluhkan kekuranganmu. Bukankah engkau seharusnya bersyukur kepada Allah?"<br /> Allah menyukai orang-orang yang bersyukur atas nikmat yang diberikan Allah kepadanya. Barang siapa bersyukur kepada Allah, sesungguhnya ia bersyukur untuk kebaikan dirinya sendiri. Apabila kamu dan semua orang yang ada dimuka bumi mengingkari nikmat Allah, sesungguhnya Allah Maha Kaya lagi Maha Terpuji. Artinya, Allah tidak memerlukan syukur hamba-hambaNya.<br />Kata Mutiara : "Sabar memiliki dua sisi. Sisi yang satu adalah sabar. Sisi yang lain adalah bersyukur kepada Allah."yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-5072312618958737502010-11-14T02:14:00.000-08:002010-11-14T02:59:55.497-08:00Amalan Yang Tidak IkhlasSetiap amalan yang dilakukan manusia akan tergantung pada niatnya. Apabila amalan itu diniatkan untuk mendapat keridhoan Allah swt, niscaya akan diberi ganjaran yang berlipat ganda. Akan tetapi, jika niat beramal itu untuk kehidupan dunia, ia hanya akan mendapat kehidupan dunia.<br /> Pada hari kiamat nanti, seorang lelaki yang telah mati dalam peperangan fi sabilillah akan ditanya oleh Allah swt " Apa yang telah kamu lakukan didunia? " Orang itu menjawab, " Aku telah berperang demi Engkau Ya Allah hingga aku mati syahid." Allah swt. berfirman, " Kamu dusta! Kamu berperang bukan demi Aku, tetapi semua itu kamu lakukan supaya kamu disebut pahlawan. Sekarang gelar itu telah kamu dapatkan. Hai malaikat, seret orang ini ke neraka!"<br /> Selanjutnya, orang kedua dipanggil. Dia adalah seseorang yang pandai membaca Al-Quran, rajin menuntut ilmu dan selalu mengajarkan ilmunya kepada orang lain. Allah swt bertanya kepada orang itu," Apa yang telah kamu lakukan di dunia?" Orang itu menjawab, " Aku mempelajari berbagai ilmu dan mengajarkan kembali kepada orang lain, aku sering membaca Al-Quran. Semua aku lakukan demi Engkau Ya Allah." Allah swt berfirman," Kamu dusta! kamu belajar ilmu dan mengajarkan kembali kepada orang lain bukan karena Aku. Kamu lakukan itu supaya kamu disebut sebagai orang yang alim dan banyak ilmu. Sekarang gelar itu telah kamu dapatkan. Kamu juga membaca Al-Quran bukan karena Aku. Itu kamu lakukan supaya kamu digelari Qori. Sekarang gelar itu pun telah kamu dapatkan. Hai malaikat, seret orang ini ke neraka!"<br /> Kemudian, orang ketiga pun dihadirkan. Dia adalah seorang yang diberi kekayaan yang melimpah dan dengan kekayaan itu dia menginfakkannya kepada fakir miskin. Allah swt memperlihatkan kepadanya nikmat Allah swt. dia pun mengakui nikmat itu. kemudian Allah swt. bertanya kepadanya," Apa yang telah kamu lakukan didunia?" Orang itu pun menjawab," Aku telah menginfakkan hartaku di jalan yang Engkau ridhoi dan semuanya demi Engkau Ya Allah." Allah swt berfirman " Kamu dusta! Kamu melakukan itu agar kamu disebut dermawan. Sekarang kamu telah mendapatkannya. Hai malaikat, seret orang ini juga ke neraka!".<br /> Itulah akibat dari amalan yang tidak ikhlas. Semua amalan yang tidak diniatkan untuk Allah swt. akan mendapat azab yang pedih. Oleh karena itu, hendaklah kita luruskan niat dalam beramal. Lebih baik amalan yang sedikit tetapi dikerjakan dengan ikhlas, dari pada amalan yang banyak tetapi mengharap pujian dari manusia.<br /><br />KataMutiara :" Jika kita melakukan sesuatu dengan keikhlasan, niscaya ganjaran yang kita terima juga sebanding dengan apa yang kita usahakan."yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-76283807388217569392010-10-15T02:42:00.000-07:002010-10-15T02:44:30.957-07:00Etika Bisnis<div style="text-align: justify;">1. Pengertian Etika<br /> Etika berasal dari kata Yunani ethos, yang dalam bentuk jamaknya ( ta etha ) berarti ‘adat istiadat’ atau ‘kebiasaan’. Dalam pengertian ini etika berkaitan dengan kebiasaan hidup yang baik, baik pada diri seseorang maupun pada suatu masyarakat atau kelompok masyakarat. Ini berarti etika berkaitan dengan nilai-nilai, tata cara hidup yang baik, aturan hidup yang baik, dan segala kebiasaan yang dianut dan diwariskan sari satu orang yang lain atau dari satu generasi ke generasi yang lain.<br /> Dalam pengertian ini etika justru persis sama dengan pengertian moralitas. Moralitas berasal dari kata Latin mos, yang dalam bentuk jamaknya (mores) berarti ’adat istiadat’ atau ‘kebiasaan’. Jadi, dalam pengertian pertama ini, yaitu pengertian harfiahnya, etika dan moralitas, sama-sama berarti sistem nilai tentang bagaimana manusia harus hidup baik sebagai manusia yang telah diinstitusionalisasikan dalam sebuah adat kebiasaan yang kemudian terwujud dalam pola perilaku yang ajek dan terulang dalam kurun waktu yang lama sebagaimana laiknya sebuah kebiasaan.<br /><br />2. Teori-teori Etika<br />a. Etika Deontologi<br /> Istilah ‘deontologi’ berasal dari kata Yunani deon, yang berarti kewajiban. Karena itu, etika deontology menekankan kewajiban manusia untuk bertindak secara baik. Menurut etika deontology, suatu tindakan itu baik bukan dinilai dan dibenarkan berdasarkan akibat atau tujuan baik dari tindakan itu, melainkan berdasarkan tindakan itu sendiri sebagai baik pada dirinya sendiri. Dengan kata lain, tindakan itu benilai moral karena tindakan itu dilaksanakan berdasarkan kewajiban yang memang harus dilaksanakan terlepas dari tujuan atau akibat dari tindakan itu. Misany, suatu tindakan bisnis akan dinilai baik oleh etika deontology bukan karena tindakan itu mendatangkan akibat baik bagi pelakunya, melainkan karena tindakan itu sejalan dengan kewajiban si pelaku untuk, misalnya, memberikan pelayanan yang baik kepada semua konsumen, untuk mengembalikan utangnya sesuai dengan kesepakatan, untuk menawarkan barang dan jasa dengan mutu yang sebanding dengan harganya, dan sebagainya.<br /><br /> b. Etika Teleologi<br /> Berbeda dengan etika deontology, etika teleology justru mengukur baik buruknya suatu tindakan berdasarkan tujuan yang mau dicapai dengan tindakan itu, atau berdasarkan akibat yang ditimbulkan oleh tindakan itu. Suatu tindakan dinilai baik, kalau bertujuan mencapai sesuatu yang baik, atau kalau akibat yang ditimbulkannya baik dan berguna. Dapat dikatakan bahwa etika teleology lebih situasional, karena tujuan dan akibat tindakan bisa sangat tergantung pada situasi khusus tertentu.<br /><br /></div>yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-85482680053550527412010-05-21T09:56:00.000-07:002010-05-21T10:08:51.223-07:00Tugas Bahasa IndonesiaPada semester 5 dan 6, saya mendapatkan matakuliah bahasa indonesia 1 dan bahasa indonesia 2. <br /> > Untuk Matakuliah Bahasa Indonesia 1<br /> Banyak materi bahasa Indonesia yang diberikan pada mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia 1 ini , diantaranya adalah:<br /><br />1. Penulisan kata<br /><br />2. Karangan ilmiah<br /><br />3. Ragam bahasa<br /><br />4. Diksi<br /><br />5. EYD<br /><br />6. Kalimat efektif<br /><br />7. Paragraph<br /><br />8. Kerangka karangan<br /><br />9. Kutipan<br /><br />10. Daftar pustaka, dll.<br /><br />Pada mata kuliah ini, saya sebagai mahasiswa mendapatkan lebih banyak lagi ilmu yang sebelumnya saya belum mengetahuinya, sehingga saya dapat memperkaya ilmu saya tentang materi bahasa Indonesia.<br /><br /> >untuk mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia 2<br /><br /> Pada mata kuliah ini, diterapkan system softskill dimana mahasiswa gunadarma harus menyerahkan tugasnya lewat internet yang dikirim melalui studentsite masing masing mahasiswa. Adapun tugasnya bisa berupa artikel, puisi, cerpen, dll.<br /><br /> Dengan adanya mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia 2 softskill ini, membuat saya lebih disiplin lagi untuk mngumpulkan tugas tugas saya karena biasanya tugas softskill ini dibatasi waktu pengumpulannya. Selain itu dengan adanya system softskill ini bisa memperkaya ilmu saya menggunakan komputernya dan internetnya.yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-15987947464310250602010-05-21T09:16:00.000-07:002010-05-21T09:48:31.989-07:00Tanggapan atau Pendapat Mahasiswa Tentang Matakuliah SoftskillTanggapan atau Pendapat Mahasiswa Tentang Matakuliah Softskill<br /><br /> Menurut saya, matakuliah softskill sangat bagus diterapkan kepada mahasiswa untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas mahasiswa terhadap karya tulis yang mahasiswa buat, dengan adanya matakuliah softskill mahasiswa diharapkan mampu bersaing dengan universitas- universitas lain dalam hal membuat karya tulis di internet dan dapat dipublikasikan kepada pengguna internet<br /> Bukan itu saja, selain untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas mahasiswa dalam membuat karya tulis, mahasiswa diharapkan juga mampu mandiri dalam mengerjakan tugas-tugas yang diberikan dosen, dosen memberikan tugas kepada mahasiswa berupa artikel, karya ilmiah, cerpen, puisi dan lain-lain.<br /> Selain itu matakuliah softskill juga memiliki kekurangan yaitu terkadang teknologi mengalami error, sehingga mahasiswa sulit untuk memasukkan tugas di studentsite atau tidak terbaca distudentsite, makanya dari itu dari pihak kampus bisa memperhatikan hal-hal yang dapat mengganggu kelancaran mahasiswa dalam hal mengerjakan tugas matakuliah softskill.yosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-43033975629835040672010-05-21T01:18:00.000-07:002010-05-21T01:31:31.996-07:00Mencintai Apa AdanyaMencintai Apa Adanya<br /><br />Di saat aku dalam kesepian ingin sekali diriku <br />Memiliki seseorang yang berarti dalam hidupku<br /><br />Ketika aku telah mendapatkannya aku ragu dalam diriku<br />Dan selalu bertanya dalam hatiku apakah aku dapat membahagikannya<br /><br />Dan apakah aku pantas untuknya dan apakah seseorang itu mencintaiku apa adanya <br />Dan pertanyaan itu pun selalu muncul dalam benak hatiku yang paling dalam<br /><br />Ya Allah apakah ada seseorang yang mencintaiku<br />Dan menerima diriku apa adanya.....<br /><br />by : Muktiyosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-4488997467389475282010-05-21T01:06:00.000-07:002010-05-21T01:11:44.872-07:00SelamanyaSelamanya<br /><br />Bulan jadi begitu indah<br />Dengan cahayanya<br /><br />Laut jadi begitu indah <br />Dengan ada ikan dan karang didalamnya<br /><br />Dunia ini begitu indah <br />Jika kamu ada disampingku unutk selamanya<br /><br />by ; Muktiyosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-75482880517976022302010-05-21T00:57:00.000-07:002010-05-21T01:02:59.728-07:00IndahIndah<br /><br />Memandang lautan dari tepi pantai <br />Begitu indah<br /><br />Memandang pepohonan dari puncak gunung<br />Juga begitu indah<br /><br />Tetapi memandang dirimu dengan cinta<br />Itu lah yang paling indah<br /><br />by : Muktiyosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-30524382524215936842010-05-21T00:36:00.000-07:002010-05-21T00:44:28.342-07:00RenunganRenungan<br /><br />*Perhiasan terindah adalah <br />"KERENDAHAN HATI"...<br />*Kasih yang teruji adalah<br />"KESETIAAN"...<br />*Kekayaan terbesar adalah <br />"KEBIJAKSANAAN"...<br />*Harta terbaik adalah<br />"KEJUJURAN"...<br />*Senjata terkuat adalah<br />"KESABARAN"...<br />*Pengaman terpenting adalah <br />"IMAN"...<br />*Obat termanjur adalah<br />"DOA"...<br /><br />by : NNyosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-80829652914109530122010-04-02T05:38:00.000-07:002010-04-02T06:21:51.998-07:00Bentuk-bentuk Laporan UmumTugas Kelompok 8 Bahasa Indonesia<br /><br />Abdul Jabal Rahman 11207294<br />Aditya Wahyu Winoto 10207044<br />Andrian Kusuma Putra 10207113<br />Muhamad Nurfandi 11207378<br />Mukti Yosfandi 10207755<br />Nurul Tri Wartiko 11207426<br /><br /><br />Teknik Penulisan Laporan <br /><br />A.Pengertian Umum<br /> Laporan adalah bentuk penyajian fakta tentang suatu keadaan atau suatu kegiatan.pada dasarnya,fakta yang disajikan itu berkenaan dengan tanggung jawab yang ditugaskan kepada si pelapor.Fakta yang disajikan merupakan bahan atau keterangan berdasarkan keadaan objektif yang dialami sendiri oleh si pelapor (dilihat,didengar,atau dirasakan sendiri) ketika si pelapor melakukan suatu kegiatan.Kemudian,laporan itu diberitahukan oleh si pelapor.<br /> Dalam pembuatan suatu laporan formal bahasa yang digunakan haruslah bahasa yang baik,jelas dan teratur.Bahasa yang baik tidak berarti bahwa laporan itu mempergunakan gaya bahasa yang penuh hiasan,melainkan dari segi sintaksis bahasanya teratur,jelas memperlihatkan hubungan yang baik antara satu kata dengan kata yang lain dan antara satu kalimat dengan kalimat lain.<br /> Penggunaan kata ganti orang pertama dan kedua harus dihindari,kecuali penggunaan kata”kami” bila yang menyampaikan laporan adalah suatu badan atau suatu tugas.<br /><br />B.Macam-Macam Jenis Laporan<br /><br />Laporan ada dua macam,yaitu laporan hasil penelitian Ilmiah dan laporan Teknis.<br />1.Laporan Ilmiah<br /> Laporan Ilmiah adalah laporan yang disusun melalui tahapan berdasarkan teoritertentu dan menggunakan metode ilmiah yang sudah disepakati oleh para ilmuwan (E.Zaenal Arifin,1993).<br /> Dan menurut Nafron Hasjim & Amran Tasai (1992) Karangan ilmiah adalah tulisan yang mengandung kebenaran secara obyektif karena didukung oleh data yang benar dan disajikan dengan penalaran serta analisis yang berdasarkan metode ilmiah.<br /><br />1.1.Masalah yang dibahas dalam tulisan ilmiah dapat berupa:<br /> a. Hasil penelitian<br /> b. Hasil pengamatn<br /> c. Pengalaman nyata<br /> d. Hasil pemikiran<br /><br />1.2.Jenis Laporan Ilmiah <br /> a.Laporan Lengkap (Monograf).<br /> 1)Menjelaskan proses penelitian secara menyeluruh.<br /> 2)Teknik penyajian sesuai dengan aturan (kesepakatan) golongan profesi dalam bidang ilmu yang bersangkutan.<br /> 3) Menjelaskan hal-hal yang sebenarnya yang terjadi pada setiap tingkat analisis.<br /> 4) Menjelaskan (juga) kegagalan yang dialami,di samping keberhasilan yang dicapai.<br /> 5) Organisasi laporan harus disusun secara sistamatis (misalnya :judul bab,subbab dan seterusnya,haruslah padat dan jelas).<br /><br /> b.Artikel Ilmiah<br /> 1) Artikel ilmiah biasanya merupakan perasan dari laporan lengkap.<br /> 2) Isi artikel ilmiah harus difokuskan kepada masalah penelitian tunggal yang obyektif.<br /> 3) Artikel ilmiah merupakan pemantapan informasi tentang materi-materi yang terdapat dalam laporan lengkap.<br /><br /> c.Laporan Ringkas<br /> Laporan ringkas adalah penulisan kembali isi laporan atau artikel dalam bentuk yang lebih mudah dimengerti dengan bahasa yang tidak terlalu teknis (untuk konsumsi masyarakat umum).<br /><br />1.3.Sistematika Laporan Ilmiah<br /> a.Judul<br /> b.Daftar Isi<br /> c.Prakata<br /> d.Pendahuluan<br /> e.Teks Pokok dalam Tubuh Karangan<br /> f.Pengutipan<br /> g.Referensi<br /> h.Catatan Kaki<br /> i.Tabel,Grafik,Bagan, dan Gambar<br /> j.Bibliografi<br /> k.Lampiran<br /> l.Indeks<br /><br />2.Laporan Teknis<br /> Laporan tentang hal teknis penyelenggaraan kegiatan suatu badan atau instansi.Laporan teknis mengandung data obyektif tentang sesuatu.data obyektif dalam laporan teknis itu juga mengandung sifat ilmiah,tetapi segi kepraktisannya lebih menonjol.sehingga yang dimaksud dengan laporan teknis adalah suatu pemberitahuan tentang tanggung jawab yang dipercayakan,dari si pelapor (perseorangan,tim,badan,atau instansi) kepada si penerima laporan tentang teknis penyelenggaraan suatu kegiatan (E.Zaenal Arifin,1993). Dan menurut Muljanto Sumardi (1982), dalam laporan teknik manusia menggunakan bahasa tulis untuk mengkomunikasikan gagasan, paham, serta hasil pemikiran dan penelitian.<br /><br />2.1 Tujuan Laporan Teknis<br /> Budaya lapor melapor merupakan sesuatu yang dianggap penting oleh berbagai kalangan,baik pemerintahan maupun swasta.Tujuannya adalah agar pelaksanaan tugas yang dipercayakan kepada si petugas dapat segera diketuhui oleh pihak yang menugasinya.<br /><br />2.2 Manfaat Penyusunan Laporan Teknis<br /> a)Memberikan Keterangan<br /> Bermaksud memberikan keterangan kepada atasan atau pihak yang harus mengetahui suatu kegiatan.Jenisnya ada dua macam:<br /> 1.Jenis pertama laporan memberi katerangan yang menyangkut perkembangan atau kegiatan rutin dari satu waktu ke waktu yang lain,laporan jenis ini sering disebut laporan berkala. Ada laporan berkala harian, mingguan, bulanan, dan tahunan.<br /> 2.Jenis Kedua adalah laporan khusus yang bersifat insidental.Laporan khusus dapat berupa penyampaian hasil percobaan,pemeriksaan,atau hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan jalannya suatu kegiatan.<br /><br /> b)Memulai Suatu Kegiatan<br /> Dalam laporan jenis ini dicantumkan uraian tetang segala sesuatu yang berkenaan dengan tugas yang akan dilaksanakan.Penyajiannya harus tegas,terarah dan jelas.<br /><br /> c)Mengkoordinasi Suatu Kegiatan<br />Laporan jenis ini berisi masalah pengaturan atau penempatan sesuatu pada tempatnya,susunannya atau keadaannya secara wajar.segala sessuatu yang dikoordinasi dikemukakan secara jelas dan padat.hanya pokok yang berhubungan dengan hal yang dikoordinasilah yang perlu dimasukan dalam laporan.<br /><br /> d)Merekam Pelaksanaan Kegiatan<br />Laporan jenis ini dapat dibedakan atas laporan kemajuan dan laporan akhir.Laporan kemajuan disusun menurut jangka waktu tertentu.ada kalanya laporan kemajuan disusun tidak berdasarkan jangka waktu tertentu, tetapi berdasarkan persentase pencapaian. Laporan akhir merupakan rangkuman keseluruhan pekerjaan hingga selesai.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />2.3 Kesempurnaan Laporan Teknis<br /> a.Ringkas<br /> Dalam laporan yang ditulis hanya mengemukakan hal-hal pokok secara ringkas yang berhubungan dengan tugasnya sehingga penerima laporan segera mengetahui permasalahannya.<br /> b.Lengkap<br /> Laporan dapat semakin sempurna jika dilengkapi dengan bibliografi atau sumber kepustakaan.<br /> c.Logis<br /> Laporan dianggap logis jika keterangan yang dikemukakannya dapat ditelusuri alasan-alasannya yang masuk akal.<br /> d.Sistematis<br /> Laporan dianggap sistematik jika keterangan yamg tulisannya disusun dalam satuan-satuan yang berurutan dan saling berhubungan.<br /> e.Lugas<br /> Laporan disebut lugas apabila keterangan yang diuraikannya disajikan dalam bahasa yang langsung menunjukan persoalan.<br /><br />2.4 Sistematika Laporan Teknis<br /> a.Bagian Awal<br /> 1)Kulit luar laporan teknis<br /> 2)Halaman judul laporan teknis<br /> 3)Kata pengantar/Prakata<br /> 4)Daftar isi<br /> 5)Daftar tabel<br /> 6)Daftar gambar,grafik,diagram(jika ada)<br /><br /> b.Bagian Tubuh<br /> 1)Pendahuluan<br /> 2)Pembahasan/uraian<br /> 3)Simpulan/penutup<br /> c.Bagian Akhir<br /> 1)Daftar Pustaka<br /> 2)Lampiran<br /><br />C.Perbedaan Sistematika Laporan<br /> 1.Kerangka Laporan Ilmiah<br />PRAKATA<br />DAFTAR ISI<br />DAFTAR TABEL<br />DAFTAR LAMBANG DAN SINGKATAN<br />SINOPSIS<br />BAB I PENDAHULUAN<br />1.1 Latar Belakang<br />1.2 Tujuan<br />1.3 Kerangka Teori<br />1.4 Ruang Lingkup<br />1.5 Sumber Data<br />1.6 Metode dan Teknik<br />BAB II ANALISIS/PEMBAHASAN<br />2.1 ….<br />2.2….<br />2.3 …<br />2.3.1 ….<br />2.4 ….<br />BAB III SIMPULANDANSARAN<br />Simpulan<br />Saran<br />DAFTAR PUSTAKA<br />LAMPIRAN<br />INDEKS<br /> 2.Kerangka Laporan Teknis<br />PRAKATA<br />DAFTAR ISI<br />BAB I PENDAHULUAN<br />1.1 Latar Belakang<br />1.2 Tujuan<br />1.3 Hasil yang diharapkan<br />1.4 Pelaksana<br />1.5 Penahapan dan Jadwal<br />BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA<br />2.1 ….<br />2.2….<br />2.3 …<br />2.3.1 ….<br />2.3.2…..<br />2.4 …<br />BAB III URAIAN KEGIATAN<br />3.1 …<br />3.2 …<br />3.3 …<br />3.3.1 …<br />3.3.2 …<br />3.4 …<br />BAB IV SIMPULAN DAN SARAN<br />4.1 simpulan<br />4.2 Saran<br />DAFTAR PUSTAKA<br />LAMPIRAN<br /><br /><br />Laporan<br /> Laporan adalah karya tulis ilmiah yang dibuat oleh seseorang atau kelompok orang setelah menyelesaikan tugas yang diberikan. Laporan berfungsi sebagai : <br /> 1.Alat pertanggungjawaban secara tertulis<br /> 2.Alat pendokumentasian data<br /> 3.Alat studi banding<br /> 4.Alat pengambilan keputusan<br /> 5.Melatih berpikir sistematis<br /><br />Laporan dapat dibedakan menjadi laporan formal (ilmiah) dan laporan informal (umum).<br /> 1.Laporan Formal<br />Laporan formal terdiri atas :<br /> a.Bagian Pendahuluan<br />1)Halaman judul : judul, maksud dan tujuan penulisan identitas penulis, instansi asal, kota penyusun, tahun<br />2)Halaman pengesahan (jika perlu)<br />3)Halaman motto/semboyan (jika perlu)<br />4)Halaman persembahan (jika perlu)<br />5)Kata pengantar<br />6)Daftar isi<br />7)Daftar tabel (jika ada)<br />8)Daftar grafik (jika ada)<br />9)Daftar gambar (jika ada)<br />10)Abstrak : uraian singkat tentang isi laporan<br /><br /> b.Bagian Isi<br />Uraian singkat tentang bagian ini :<br /> 1)Bab I : Pendahuluan<br /> a)Latar belakang<br /> b)Identifikasi masalah<br /> c)Pembatasan masalah<br /> d)Rumusan masalah<br /> e)Tujuan dan manfaat<br /> 2)Bab II : Kajian Pustaka<br /> 3)Bab III : Metode<br /> 4)Bab IV : Pembahasan<br /> 5)Bab V : Penutup<br /><br /> c.Bagian Akhir<br /> 1)Daftar pustaka<br /> 2)Daftar lampiran<br /> 3)Indeks : daftar istilah <br /><br /><br /> 2.Laporan Informal<br /> a.Laporan kunjungan, berisi :<br /> 1)Judul laporan<br /> 2)Tujuan<br /> 3)Waktu pelaksanaan<br /> 4)Hasil yang diperoleh<br /><br /> b.Laporan percobaan, berisi :<br /> 1)Judul percobaan<br /> 2)Pelaksanaan : waktu dan tempat<br /> 3)Urusan kerja<br /> 4)Data yang diperoleh<br /> 5)Kesimpulan<br /><br /> c.Laporan diskusi, berisi :<br /> 1)Topic<br /> 2)Moderator<br /> 3)Penyaji<br /> 4)Jumlah peserta<br /> 5)Masalah yang muncul<br /> 6)Pemecahan masalah<br /> 7)Kesimpulanyosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-55601424779721435932010-03-31T07:12:00.000-07:002010-03-31T07:23:12.952-07:00KeraguanKeraguan<br /><br />Ya Tuhan kenapa disaat diriku membutuhkan seseorang yang penting didalam hidupku<br />Mengapa Engkau memunculkan rasa ragu itu kepadaku<br />Aku bingung pada diriku sendiri<br /><br />Apa yang harus aku perbuat dengan keadaan seperti ini<br />Ya Tuhan kalau memang dia jodohku <br />Maka dekatkanlah aku dengannya<br /><br />Kalau dia memang bukan jodohku<br />Maka berikanlah dia kekasih yang tulus mencintainya<br />Karena sampai saat ini aku masih sayang kepadanya<br /><br />by : Muktiyosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-36785103678894835662010-03-31T06:58:00.000-07:002010-03-31T07:09:36.973-07:00Gelombang CintaGelombang Cinta<br /><br />Gelombang ombak dilautan luas menepi hingga ke bibir pantai<br />Tak henti-hentinya menghantam karang <br />Yang berada tak jauh dari tepi pantai<br /><br />Merasa seperti gelombang ombak berisi cinta <br />Yang terus menghantam hati sang bidadari<br />Rasanya gelombang ombak ini tak akan kubiarkan berhenti menghantamnya<br /><br />Karena ku tahu gelombangku ini akan membawa cinta <br />Dan memberi bekas dihatinya<br /><br />by : Muktiyosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-74076378209916384742010-03-31T06:50:00.001-07:002010-03-31T06:57:12.561-07:00MencintainyaMencintainya<br /><br />Jika aku dibolehkan meminta satu permintaan<br />Saat ini aku hanya ingin menghapus kesunyian<br />Dengan hadirnya harapan untuk cintanya<br /><br />Kuingin kembali mendapatkan cinta <br />Setelah sekian lama aku berharap dan mencarinya<br />Karna yang ku tahu cinta ini diciptkan untuk mencintainya<br /><br />by : Muktiyosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4216966357769042371.post-77932919092553138742010-03-31T06:50:00.000-07:002010-03-31T06:51:03.282-07:00Mencintainyayosfandihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09117066351216676496noreply@blogger.com0